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Background
Post‐tuberculosis lung abnormality (PTLA) is the most common risk factor for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), and 14%–25% of the subjects with PTLA develop CPA. The pathogenesis and the host immune response in subjects with PTLA who develop CPA need to be better understood.
Methods
We prospectively compared the innate and adaptive immune responses mounted by patients of PTLA with...
Background
Data on mixed mould infection with COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) and COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) are sparse.
Objectives
To ascertain the prevalence of co‐existent CAPA in CAPM (mixed mould infection) and whether mixed mould infection is associated with early mortality (≤7 days of diagnosis).
Methods
We retrospectively analysed the data collected...
Background
Due to a delay in diagnosis by conventional techniques and high mortality, the development of a standardised and rapid non‐culture‐based technique is an unmet need in pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and disseminated forms of mucormycosis. Though limited studies have been conducted for molecular diagnosis, there are no established serologic tests for this highly fatal infection.
Objective...
Background
Post‐tuberculosis lung abnormality (PTLA) is the most common risk factor for developing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, the prevalence and incidence of CPA in PTLA patients in India remain unknown.
Objectives
We aimed to ascertain the incidence and prevalence of CPA in subjects with PTLA.
Methods
We identified a cohort of pulmonary tuberculosis who completed anti‐tuberculosis...
Background
Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgG estimation is crucial for diagnosing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). A point‐of‐care LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay (LFA) had 0%–90% sensitivity to detect IgG/IgM antibodies against A. fumigatus.
Objective
To assess the accuracy of LDBio‐LFA in diagnosing ABPA, using the modified ISHAM‐ABPA working group criteria as the...
Background and Objectives
The mechanisms underlying COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) remain unclear. We use a transcriptomic analysis of the innate immune cells to investigate the host immune and metabolic response pathways in patients with CAPM.
Patients and Methods
We enrolled subjects with CAPM (n = 5), pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) without COVID‐19 (n = 5), COVID‐19 (without...
Background
The role of nebulized amphotericin B (NAB) in managing pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is unknown.
Methods
In this open‐label trial, we randomized PM subjects to receive either intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (control arm, 3–5 mg/kg/day) alone or along with nebulized amphotericin B deoxycholate (NAB, 10 mg twice a day, every alternate day). The primary outcomes were: (1) overall response...
Background
Whether chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) has different immunophenotypes remains unknown.
Objective
To identify different CPA immunophenotypes using cluster analysis.
Methods
We used a subject‐centred multivariate clustering approach without prior assumptions to identify CPA phenotypes. We retrospectively included the data of treatment‐naïve subjects with CPA and excluded subjects...
Background
Several hypotheses have been proposed for explaining the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐associated mucormycosis in India, including the burning of cattle dung cakes, though no study has yet been conducted to support this claim.
Methods
We conducted an aero‐mycological study to evaluate whether Mucorales in the air increased during or after burning cattle dung cakes....
Background
Antifungal stewardship is a less explored component of antimicrobial stewardship programmes, especially in developing countries.
Objective
We aimed to determine antifungal prescription practices in a tertiary centre of a developing country to identify the challenges for antifungal stewardship programmes.
Methods
Four single‐day point prevalent surveys were performed in inpatient units...
Objectives
We evaluated the magnitude and factors contributing to poor outcomes among cirrhosis patients with fungal infections (FIs).
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Ovid and WOS and included articles reporting mortality in cirrhosis with FIs. We pooled the point and relative‐risk (RR) estimates of mortality on random‐effects meta‐analysis and explored their heterogeneity (I2) on subgroups,...
Background
The sudden surge of mucormycosis cases which happened during the second wave of COVID‐19 pandemic was a significant public health problem in India.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to analyse the clinico‐epidemicological characteristics of the mucormycosis cases to determine the changes that had occurred due to COVID‐19 pandemic.
Methodology
A retrospective cross‐sectional study...
Background and Aims
Fungal infections (FIs) have serious implications, yet understated in cirrhosis. Therefore, we reviewed the epidemiology and trends of FIs among cirrhotics.
Methods
Four electronic databases were searched for full‐text articles describing prevalence of FIs in cirrhosis. Studies from post‐transplant, malignancy and classical‐immuno‐deficiency patients were excluded. A random‐effects...
Background
Along with COVID‐19 pandemic, India has faced an outbreak of COVID‐19–associated mucormycosis (CAM). Due to restricted availability of amphotericin B during this outbreak, clinicians were forced to use posaconazole or isavuconazole preparations as first‐line or alternate therapy in many patients. We planned an early monitoring of posaconazole trough level while using delayed release (DR)...
Background
The prevalence and outcomes of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in the elderly remain unknown.
Methods
We reviewed our database to identify the proportion of subjects diagnosed with ABPA at ≥60 years of age (ABPA‐elderly). We compared the clinical features, treatment and outcomes of ABPA‐elderly versus the non‐elderly (ABPA diagnosed at <60 years of age).
Results
Between...
Background
Whether dysregulated iron metabolism is associated with COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis (CAM) remains unknown. Herein, we compare the serum iron indices in COVID‐19 subjects with and without mucormycosis.
Methods
We conducted a case–control study enrolling COVID‐19 participants with and without mucormycosis. We compared the baseline serum iron indices (iron, ferritin, total iron‐binding...
Background
Considering the emergence of fungaemia due to rare yeasts at our centre, we performed a systematic epidemiologic study on fungaemia due to rare yeast.
Objectives
We undertook the present prospective observational study to explore the epidemiological features and clinical characteristics of fungaemia due to rare yeasts in paediatric ICUs at our centre.
Methods
The successive yeasts...
Background
The enormous increase in COVID‐19–associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India lacks an explanation. Zinc supplementation during COVID‐19 management is speculated as a contributor to mucormycosis. We conducted an experimental and clinical study to explore the association of zinc and mucormycosis.
Methods
We inoculated pure isolates of Rhizopus arrhizus obtained from subjects with CAM on dichloran...
Introduction
The role of pre‐HCT chest high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and serum galactomannan index (GMI) in predicting the post‐allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is debatable.
Methods
This was a single‐center, prospective study from 2014 to 2019. The primary objective was to study if pre‐HCT chest HRCT and serum GMI predicted IPA...
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