Search results for: Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay

Items from 1 to 20 out of 26 results

article

Effect of novel short‐arm human centrifugation‐induced gravitational gradients upon cardiovascular responses, cerebral perfusion and g‐tolerance

Charles Laing, David A. Green, Edwin Mulder, Helmut Hinghofer‐Szalkay, more

The Journal of Physiology > 598 > 19 > 4237 - 4249

Key points The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rotational axis position (RAP and thus g‐gradient) during short‐arm human centrifugation (SAHC) upon cardiovascular responses, cerebral perfusion and g‐tolerance. In 10 male and 10 female participants, 10 min passive SAHC runs were performed with the RAP above the head (P1), at the apex of the head (P2), or at heart level (P3), with...

article

Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: Mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen

Zhe Wang, Shan‐Feng Jiang, Jin Cao, Kun Liu, more

Journal of Cellular Physiology > 234 > 8 > 13318 - 13331

We examined ultrastructure protective phenomena and mechanisms of slow and fast muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus). Some degenerative changes such as slightly decreased sarcomere length and vacuolization occurred in hibernation, but periaxonal capsular borders in intrafusal fibers remained distinct and the arrangement of extrafusal fibers and Z‐lines unscathed...

article

Identification of the optimal dose and calpain system regulation of tetramethylpyrazine on the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in hindlimb unloading rats

Jie Zhang, Yang Li, Guangyue Li, Xiufeng Ma, more

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy > 2017 > 96 > C > 513-523

Previous studies in our lab have shown that tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) could effectively attenuate disuse induced muscle atrophy. In order to screening out the optimal dose of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) for protection against disuse induced muscle atrophy in hindlimb unloading (HLU) rats, in this study, we compared effects of 4 TMP doses on muscle wet weight (MWW), the ratios of muscle wet weight/body...

article

Adrenomedullin and galanin responses to orthostasis in older persons

James Broadbent, Johannes Reichmuth, Irhad Trozic, Markus Kneihsl, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 47 > 11 > 812 - 818

Background Neuroendocrine responses to orthostasis may be critical in the maintenance of mean arterial pressure in healthy individuals. A greater reduction in orthostatic tolerance with age may relate to modulation of hormonal responses such as adrenomedullin and galanin. Thus, we investigated (i) whether adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations increase during orthostatic challenge in older subjects,...

article

Influence of bed rest on plasma galanin and adrenomedullin at presyncope

Daniel O'Shea, Helmut K. Lackner, Andreas Rössler, David A. Green, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 45 > 7 > 679 - 685

BackgroundThe role of hormones in reduced orthostatic tolerance following long‐term immobilization remains uncertain. We have previously shown that plasma concentrations of adrenomedullin and galanin, two peptides with vasodepressor properties, rise significantly during orthostatic challenge. We tested the hypothesis that bedrest immobilization increases the rise in adrenomedullin and galanin during...

article

Academic Goal Orientation and Cardiovascular Reactivity in a Performance Situation

Helmut K. Lackner, Margit Gramer, Manuela Paechter, Sigrid Wimmer, more

Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback > 2015 > 40 > 3 > 189-200

The present study investigated whether students’ academic goal orientation (learning goals, performance goals, work avoidance) and their individual competence beliefs (their academic self-concept) can predict motivation-related cardiovascular activation patterns in a demanding performance situation. A sample of seventy-two undergraduate students rated their academic goal orientation as well as their...

article

Short-arm human centrifugation with 0.4g at eye and 0.75g at heart level provides similar cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses to standing

Nandu Goswami, Michelle Bruner, Da Xu, Marie-Pierre Bareille, more

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2015 > 115 > 7 > 1569-1575

Background and purpose Orthostatic intolerance continues to be a problem with astronauts upon return to Earth as a result of cerebral and cardiovascular adaptations to weightlessness. We tested the hypothesis that artificial gravity from a short-arm human centrifuge (SAHC) could provide cerebral and cardiovascular stimuli similar to upright posture and thereby serve as a suitable countermeasure. ...

article

Bed rest does not induce hypercoagulability

Gerhard Cvirn, James Elvis Waha, Gerhard Ledinski, Axel Schlagenhauf, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 45 > 1 > 63 - 69

BackgroundAlthough there is no direct evidence, it is generally believed that bed rest shifts the haemostatic system towards hypercoagulability; thus, immobilized patients are commonly treated with anticoagulants. We therefore aimed to investigate whether long‐term bed rest actually leads to an elevated risk for thromboembolic events. Materials and methodsEleven healthy men were enrolled in our study...

article

Cardiovascular Effects of Acute Positive Emotional Arousal

Helmut K. Lackner, Elisabeth M. Weiss, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, Ilona Papousek

Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback > 2014 > 39 > 1 > 9-18

Since there are several popular beliefs about putative health benefits of amusement which are empirically substantiated poorly about putative health benefits of amusement, the immediate cardiovascular effects of amusement were studied in detail. Cardiovascular activity was studied while participants were viewing humorous films, relative to a control condition involving no amusement. High-resolution...

article

Research update for articles published in EJCI in 2011

Pasquale Abete, Christopher Adlbrecht, Stelios F. Assimakopoulos, Nancy Côté, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 43 > 10 > 1097 - 1110

article

I got it! Transient cardiovascular response to the perception of humor

Helmut K. Lackner, Elisabeth M. Weiss, Günter Schulter, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, more

Biological Psychology > 2013 > 93 > 1 > 33-40

The aim of the present study was to examine the transient cardiovascular response to the perception of humor, that is, the impact of the cognitive process of insight as well as the modulation of the response by the affective appraisal of the humor. To this end transient heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure responses were obtained in the immediate context of detecting the punch...

article

Delaying orthostatic syncope with mental challenge: A pilot study

Nandu Goswami, Andreas Roessler, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, Jean-Pierre Montani, more

Physiology & Behavior > 2012 > 106 > 4 > 569-573

At orthostatic vasovagal syncope there appears to be a sudden decline of sympathetic activity. As mental challenge activates the sympathetic system, we hypothesized that doing mental arithmetic in volunteers driven to the end point of their cardiovascular stability may delay the onset of orthostatic syncope. We investigated this in healthy male subjects. Each subject underwent a head up tilt (HUT)+...

article

Hormonal and plasma volume changes after presyncope

Helmut Hinghofer‐Szalkay, Helmut K. Lackner, Andreas Rössler, Bettina Narath, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 41 > 11 > 1180 - 1185

Eur J Clin Invest 2011; 41 (11): 1180–1185 AbstractBackground Aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that after presyncope, some blood hormone pools increase while others decrease.Materials and methods In twelve healthy male adults, we determined plasma volume changes with plasma mass densitometry and hormone levels. The following were compared: supine rest, presyncope and 20‐min post‐presyncopal...

article

Volume regulating hormone responses to repeated head‐up tilt and lower body negative pressure

Andreas Roessler, Nandu Goswami, Bernd Haditsch, Jack A. Loeppky, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 41 > 8 > 863 - 869

Eur J Clin Invest 2011; 41 (8): 863–869 AbstractBackground We hypothesized the existence of different hormonal response patterns to repeated lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and head‐up tilt (HUT) in healthy males. We compared hormonal, cardiovascular and plasma volume changes from rest to stress within‐ and between‐LBNP and HUT applications. Hormones investigated included adrenocorticotropic...

article

Phase synchronization of hemodynamic variables and respiration during mental challenge

Helmut Karl Lackner, Ilona Papousek, Jerry Joseph Batzel, Andreas Roessler, more

International Journal of Psychophysiology > 2011 > 79 > 3 > 401-409

We studied the synchronization of heart rate, blood pressure and respiration in the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system during a cancellation test of attention and during mental arithmetic tasks. The synchronization was quantified by the index γ, which has been adopted from the analysis of weakly coupled chaotic oscillators. We analyzed in twenty healthy women...

article

Modulation of plasma adrenomedullin by epinephrine infusion during head up tilt

Andreas Roessler, Nandu Goswami, Bernd Haditsch, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2011 > 111 > 3 > 531-537

We investigated whether head up tilt (HUT) with and without simultaneous epinephrine infusion modulate plasma adrenomedullin. We studied eight healthy male volunteers, using two 5 min 70° HUT trials: control (saline infusion) and intervention (epinephrine infusion, titrated to a dose which increased supine systolic pressure by 20% above resting values). Protocols were randomized and separated by 2 weeks...

article

Gravity, the hydrostatic indifference concept and the cardiovascular system

Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2011 > 111 > 2 > 163-174

Gravity, like any acceleration, causes a hydrostatic pressure gradient in fluid-filled bodily compartments. At a force of 1G, this pressure gradient amounts to 10 kPa/m. Postural changes alter the distribution of hydrostatic pressure patterns according to the body’s alignment to the acceleration field. At a certain location—referred to as hydrostatically indifferent—within any given fluid compartment,...

article

Intermittent hypoxic training: risks versus benefits

Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2010 > 108 > 2 > 417-417

Communicated by Susan Ward.

article

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Nandu Goswami, Helmut Karl Lackner, Ilona Papousek, Daniela Jezova, more

International Journal of Psychophysiology > 2010 > 75 > 1 > 54-62

Post stress neurovascular responses induced by physical and mental stress are poorly understood. We investigated the time course of cardiovascular and autonomic recovery, induced by orthostatic and mental challenge, using passive head up tilt (HUT) and mental arithmetic (MA), respectively, when applied singly (MA, HUT) or in combination (MA+HUT). Fifteen healthy males participated in three protocols:...

article

Time course of cardiovascular responses induced by mental and orthostatic challenges

Helmut Karl Lackner, Nandu Goswami, Ilona Papousek, Andreas Roessler, more

International Journal of Psychophysiology > 2010 > 75 > 1 > 48-53

Cardiovascular responses to single stressors diminish over time. Interaction of different stressors influencing hemodynamic variables, indicative of stress-induced reactivity and physiological responses are, however, poorly understood. We investigated time course of mental (using mental arithmetic, MA) and orthostatic (using head up tilt, HUT) challenges induced responses in 16 males. Three protocols...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay

Effect of novel short‐arm human centrifugation‐induced gravitational gradients upon cardiovascular responses, cerebral perfusion and g‐tolerance

Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: Mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen

Identification of the optimal dose and calpain system regulation of tetramethylpyrazine on the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in hindlimb unloading rats

Adrenomedullin and galanin responses to orthostasis in older persons

Influence of bed rest on plasma galanin and adrenomedullin at presyncope

Academic Goal Orientation and Cardiovascular Reactivity in a Performance Situation

Short-arm human centrifugation with 0.4g at eye and 0.75g at heart level provides similar cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses to standing

Bed rest does not induce hypercoagulability

Cardiovascular Effects of Acute Positive Emotional Arousal

Research update for articles published in EJCI in 2011

I got it! Transient cardiovascular response to the perception of humor

Delaying orthostatic syncope with mental challenge: A pilot study

Hormonal and plasma volume changes after presyncope

Volume regulating hormone responses to repeated head‐up tilt and lower body negative pressure

Phase synchronization of hemodynamic variables and respiration during mental challenge

Modulation of plasma adrenomedullin by epinephrine infusion during head up tilt

Gravity, the hydrostatic indifference concept and the cardiovascular system

Intermittent hypoxic training: risks versus benefits

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Time course of cardiovascular responses induced by mental and orthostatic challenges

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