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In the early 1990’s a conspicuous shift took place in the density of two key macrofauna species at the Frisian Front (SE North Sea). The density of the formerly dominant brittlestar Amphiura filiformis showed tenfold reduction and remained low throughout the observation period (1986–2000). In the same period, the burrowing mud shrimp Callianassa subterranea showed a fourfold increase in density. Since...
We estimated the direct mortality of benthic fauna caused by one single passage of commercial beam and otter trawls in field experiments. The benthos dredge Triple-D was used to sample megafauna (>1cm), while macrofauna (>1mm) were sampled by means of a Reineck boxcorer and, in some cases, a van Veen grab. Direct mortalities ranging from about 5 up to 40% of the initial densities were observed...
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