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Because conventional geophysical measurements cannot directly measure the microstructure or pore fluids of rocks, new measurement approaches are needed as well as one that can select regions of interest. The aim of this study is to utilize the nonlinear interaction of two co-propagating longitudinal waves to characterize induced viscoelastic changes occurring in the rock microstructure. Our experimental...
Cervical spine pathoanatomy is typically evaluated by static radiographs, CT or MRI; however, these modalities are unable to directly measure the dynamic performance of the spine that account for its functionality. We have developed an ultrasound based technique that provides a non-invasive, realtime, quantitative, textitin-vivo image of the C-spine that allows for assessment of the dynamic motion...
Neck pain is a common occupational health complaint associated with exposure to repetitive loads and vibrations. Currently there are no methods to measure the dynamic motion of the cervical spine in at-risk individuals in the work environment. The aim of the current study is to develop a methodology for calculating real-time in-vivo C4-5-6 functional spinal unit (FSU) kinematics by co-registering...
Because conventional geophysical measurements cannot directly measure the microstructure or pore fluids of rocks, new measurement approaches are needed as well as one that can target regions of interest. The aim of this study is to utilize the nonlinear interaction of two co-propagating longitudinal waves to characterize induced viscoelastic changes occurring in the rock microstructure. Our experimental...
Workers who are repeatedly exposed to high cyclic loading are at high risk for degenerative cervical spine disease. Standard methods to evaluate spine motion using optical tracking or dual fluoroscopy are impractical for imaging patients in the work environment. Portable ultrasound can image cervical spine kinematics in real time, and may be able to detect abnormal spine function not apparent by static...
Imaged-based motion analysis of human musculoskeletal systems is a burgeoning area of research. We have previously demonstrated the capability of B-mode ultrasound (US) to statically and dynamically image cervical spine kinematics both ex-vivo and in-vivo. However high frame rates and long exposure time are required to successfully track the displacement of contiguous spinal units over thousands of...
The etiology of neck pain is commonly evaluated by static X-Ray, CT or MRI images. Recently, we demonstrated that ultrasound (US) was capable of providing non-invasive, real-time, dynamic images of cervical spine functional spine units (FSU) ex-vivo that reflected their mechanical properties. In this work, we present a dual US system to measure the dynamic motion of cervical spine FSUs in-vivo for...
The health of the cervical spine is commonly evaluated by static X-Ray, CT or MRI images; however, they are unable to reveal its dynamic performance and functionality. Ultrasound is introduced as a non-invasive, real-time quantitative tool to assess the dynamic biomechanics and integrity of C-spine. We developed a dual ultrasound system capable of measuring C-spine kinematics and intervertebral disc...
Ultrasound can provide a non-invasive quantitative tool to image acute and chronic cervical spine injury and disease. Our work demonstrates that ultrasound is able to quantify intervertebral disc(IVD) deformation of cervical spine functional spine units' at an accuracy of ±0.148 mm during applied spine motions at frequencies <6 HZ using current clinical ultrasound devices. Using clinical ultrasound,...
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