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The performance of mid-infrared Er3+-doped fiber lasers has dramatically improved in the last few years. In this paper, we present an overview of the progress in 3.5 ${\mu }\text{m}$ fiber lasers based on the dual-wavelength pumping approach. The cross section of the excited state absorption transition used by the 1973 $\text{nm}$ second pump is found experimentally. A numerical simulation of the...