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The electromigration (EM) effect has been known to be atomic diffusion due to unbalanced electrostatic and electron-wind forces exerted on metal ions. Recent theoretical model on the mechanism were focused on the kinetics point of view. However, none of these models has coupled the EM effect and lattice stability. In this work, in situ current stressing experiments using synchrotron X-ray diffractometry...
Warpage has become a very critical reliability problem for the advanced electronic packaging technique. One or more chips are stacked on the substrates for a device. The device thus contains materials that have different physical properties. The most prominent problem would be the differences in the thermal expansion coefficient for these materials. During fabrication, thermal energy was applied to...
In this study, the structural evolution and oxidation of Cu@Ag core-shell nanoparticle deposits (with average particle diameter of 25 nm and Ag/Cu atomic ratio of 1/8) upon heating in air were investigated quantitatively via in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction. With an increasing temperature, the coalescence of Cu cores and ripening of Ag shell occurred simultansously, resulting in discrere...
An effective method of fabricating vertically aligned silicon nanopillars (Si-NPs) was realized by using the self-assembled silver nanodots as natural metal-nanomask for subsequent etching process. Ultrathin (∼9 nm) ZnO films were deposited on the Si-NPs by atomic layer deposition to enhance the field emission property. The turn-on field defined by the 10 µA/cm2 current density criterion is ∼ 0.74...
Meditation is an interesting research issue for these decades. Meditation is benefit for health improvement and illness reduction. Abundant of studies from physiological and psychological point of view were made for meditation. During meditation, it is a fundamental require sitting without body movement. Novel body motion monitoring and estimation system is developed in this study. Wireless tri-axis...
In recent years, transparent conductive oxides (TCO) films have been widely used for solar cell due to its high transmittance, low sheet resistance and texture structure that could increase the efficiency. The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of antimony doped in tin oxide thin films by synchrotron radiation grazing incidence X-Ray diffraction (GIXRD), which is a non-destructive testing...
Parlay is an efficient and flexible approach that enables telecom operators to efficiently wrap up their network services and capabilities and allows third parties to flexibly access those services for deployment of new applications that drive consumption of network services. This paper describes an Internet-mobile platform for telecom applications based on Parlay X. Our solution aggregates resources...
For the feature of "slim and light" in portable devices, stacked 3D-IC architecture was introduced in the advanced packaging techniques. The traditional FR-4 substrate was substituted by Si substrates. In general, the thickness of Si chip and substrates would be larger than 300 micron. However, silicon is rigid and has high resistance of deformation. Therefore, the thermal stress caused...
Due to high performance demand, the dimensions of chips should be reduced so the stacked 3D-ICs are introduced into semiconductor industry. For small substrate dimensions and high interconnects requirements, the FR-4 substrates are substituted by the Si substrates. The Si chips and substrates are thinned down. A rigid material like Si suffers much larger thermal stress when the thickness is below...
In this paper, we present the design and the implementation of a test-bed for the Policy and Charging Control (PCC) system proposed in 3GPP TS23.203. Specifically, we use an IP multimedia call service example to demonstrate how to implement an advanced mobile service with policy and charging control in our test-bed. We show that the PCC system can handle the application-level session information and...
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