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Use of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is important to identify and fix the maximum power of the photovoltaic (PV) module. Conventional tracking techniques require external perturbation to catch the maximum power point (MPP). In this paper, the ripple correlation control technique is verified for the solar application and comparison with traditional perturb and observe tracking method...
Various algorithms inspired by evolutionary and physical processes have been extensively applied in solving complex construction engineering optimization problems. In this paper, Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), a computational approach inspired by the processes of human immune system, is introduced in terms of its basic mechanisms and its applications in construction engineering. Specifically, Clonal...
Large scale, multidisciplinary, engineering designs are always difficult due to the complexity and dimensionality of these problems. Direct coupling between the analysis codes and the optimization routines can be prohibitively time consuming due to the complexity of the underlying simulation codes. One way of tackling this problem is by constructing computationally cheap(er) approximations of the...
In the context of dynamic optimization, plant variations necessitate adaptation of the input profiles in order to guarantee both feasible and optimal operation. For those problems having path constraints, two sets of directions can be distinguished in the input space at each time instant: the so-called sensitivity-seeking directions, along which a small input variation does not affect the active path...
This paper presents a cost-effective low power 45 nm bulk technology platform, primarily designed to serve the wireless multimedia and consumer electronics need. This technology platform features carbon co-IIP in the nMOS halo, laser annealing scheme, stress liner on the 45??-rotated wafer (<100>) for process simplicity to achieve high device performance and low leakage together. Drive current...
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