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Understanding how appliances in a house consume power is important when making intelligent and informed decisions about conserving energy. Appliances can turn ON and OFF either by the actions of occupants or by automatic sensing and actuation (e.g., thermostat). It is also difficult to understand how much a load consumes at any given operational state. Occupants could buy sensors that would help,...
In power distribution networks, the use of non-linear loads is expanding day by day due to which the power quality of the system is being deteriorated. An induction furnace is one such typical example of a non-linear load which is indispensable component of the steel industries. It injects considerable amount of harmonics into the supply network and consequently the performance of other loads in its...
In the modern communication systems, coaxial probe fed rectangular Microstrip Antenna (MA) is a popular low profile, light weight and conformal antenna. In this paper, the resonant frequency of probe fed Rectangular MA (RMA) is optimized using Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm. Investigation is carried out for different microwave frequencies between 3 GHz and 18 GHz. Three variables of the microstrip antenna...
“Big data” is a term that is widely used by large corporations today. With access to a vast infrastructure and a large collection of personal information that is not publicly available, the United States of America (US) is able to complete researches and projects that are out of the reach of most countries and corporations. This paper will examine three US companies that have successfully utilized...
In the given paper a Dielectric Resonator Integrated Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) antenna array is proposed for enhanced performance. Two cylindrical structures are mounted on the antenna to form a dielectric resonator, along with periodic coaxial via and resonating slots in the top surface which resulted in an enhanced gain of about 13.6dB. The different antenna parameters are analyzed and...
Reduction of higher order harmonic modes of the fundamental operating frequency in a wearable microstrip antenna has been proposed. Controlling harmonics in the microstrip antenna has been implemented by integrating simple I shaped resonator at the microstrip feed line. As a result higher order modes occurring between the fundamental resonating frequency and the second harmonics of the wearable microstrip...
Higher order modes of an equilateral triangular shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is excited. Higher order TM103Z, TM105Z and TM115Z modes are excited along with fundamental TM101Z mode. It is found that TM101Z, TM103Z and TM105Z modes produce a peak in the broadside direction whereas TM113Z mode produces a null in the broadside direction.
30°-60°-90° triangular shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is investigated here. The DRA is formed by cutting the equilateral Triangular DRA (TDRA) along its median. Fundamental mode is excited for both antennas. A comparative study between input impedance, S11 and far-field power patterns are presented. It is found that 30°-60°-90° TDRA produces a peak in the broadside direction.
Gap coupled Microstrip Antenna (MA) provides high bandwidth and so finds its use in various kinds of wireless communications. Optimization of microstrip patch antennas has been achieved by a technique popularly known as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In this paper, PSO is used to optimize the resonant frequency of rectangular gap coupled MA. Inspection is carried out for microwave frequencies...
Microstrip patch antenna has extensive applications in areas requiring light weight and low profile antenna sub system. Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm are modern optimization algorithms used here for determining the design parameters of microstrip antenna. In literature, there does not exist any direct relation between the bandwidth of a microstrip patch antenna...
Under most circumstances, cyber criminals will commit fraudulent transactions using proxy services which hide their real IP address and physical location. This is done in an effort to avoid being tracked and prosecuted by law enforcement agencies. This paper presents the investigation of a proxy detection methodology and efforts to implement such technology into a business solution with the sole purpose...
The telecommunications industry uses a combination of 2G (GSM), 3G (UMTS) and 4G (LTE) systems to access communication worldwide. Concurrent with a recent rise in cyber-attacks, the requirement for a secure infrastructure is increasingly crucial. However, while each new standard offers better protection to the mobile users, currently 84% of households in the UK have access to 3G signal from the four...
Sustainable energy supply and demand can partially be solved by the conservation of energy, which is a personal and self-driven action. However, energy conservation currently requires the purchase of third-party products. The upfront cost of purchasing these products to monitor energy consumption in a home is a barrier that further cements the divide of those that have and those that have not. Detailed...
Real-time measurements and display of vitals are integral part of patients health monitoring with limited resources. Wireless sensor networks that communicate in a mesh acquire and transmit such critical parameters, making a medical environment efficient. With limited resources, both equipment and medical staff, the system must be reliable, and capable of dynamic updating on patient status. System...
Utility companies around the world are replacing electro-mechanical power meters with new smart meters. These digital power meters have enhanced communication capabilities, but they are not actually smart. We present the cognitive power meter (c-meter), a meter that is actually smart. By using load disaggregation intelligence, c-meter is the realization of demand response and other smart grid energy...
A home-based intelligent energy conservation system needs to know what appliances (or loads) are being used in the home and when they are being used in order to provide intelligent feedback or to make intelligent decisions. This analysis task is known as load disaggregation or non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). The datasets used for NILM research generally contain real power readings, with the...
The smart meter is often heralded as the key component supporting energy displays that can notify home occupants of their energy usage. But, a smart meter is only a digital power meter with enhanced communications capabilities — it is not actually smart. We need to look beyond the smart meter and define what intelligence is needed to actually make a meter smart. One area with promise is load disaggregation...
Many homeowners and occupants are interested in energy conservation for economical and/or ecological reasons. A number of commercial energy conservation solutions exist on the market today. However, these products contain closed systems and do not provide easy access to much of the raw data needed for more sophisticated analysis. An open source solution would be a great benefit for homeowners and...
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