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This paper studies how exchange rate risk and final market demand risk influence the operations and profitability in a supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer under risk pooling. We build and solve a dynamic game model. The results show that in equilibrium, the manufacturer's wholesale price is irrelevant to the exchange rate and the demand volatility, the retailer's order quantity...
The capital of the retailer is limited. So, the manufacturer should consider the retailer's capital constraint when she decides the wholesale price contract with an imperfect capital market. The business process between the manufacturer and the retailer is thought a Stackelberg game. The mathematic model of expected profit has been found under the framework of the newsvendor model. The whole sale...
Based on the prospect theory, this paper studies the revenue-sharing contract with stock-out cost of supply chain with a loss-averse retailer and a risk-neutral supplier. The order behaviors of a loss-averse retailer in the wholesale price contract and the revenue-sharing contract were studied respectively. It finds, with stock-out cost, the optimized order quantity of the loss-averse retailer may...
This paper researches the demand function of the per capita consumption of mobile voice service by fixed effect quantile regression model. Results show that both price elasticity and income elasticity vary between different consumption-level consumer groups. For low-consumption consumers, income is the most important factor that impacts their consumption, while the price of mobile voice service and...
Under the prospect theory and the principal-agent theory, this paper studies the markdown money contract under asymmetric information when the supply chain is composed of a risk neutral retailer and a loss-averse supplier. It studies the order behaviors of the retailer when the information of retailer's sale cost is symmetric and asymmetric to the supplier respectively. It finds out within the markdown...
This paper mainly studies the demand function of mobile voice service on Chinese communication market. Considering the characteristics of this product, consumption habit is introduced into our model, thus dynamic panel data model and corresponding estimating methods are used to estimate the model. We compare our results with studies done by other researchers, the comparison shows that consumption...
Guanxi is prevailing in China and East Asia and has received widespread attention. We take Guanxi as an exogenous implicit contract and employ a standard principal-agent contract to deal with the interest conflicts based on explicit project performance to build a principal-agent model where the principal (the owner or sponsor) chooses a Guanxi action and an endogenous contract based on explicit (synthesized)...
Abstract: The authors build pricing-inventory models for a new product including multiple fuzzy parameters based on credibility programming under fuzzy resource constraints in accordance with integration idea and design a hybrid intelligent algorithm (HIA) to determine the combined pricing and inventory decisions. Furthermore, considering enterprises usually develop set of products, this paper extends...
Considering the errors of communication between producer and consumer during customization, this paper studies how to decision when information goods producer provides both standard and customized goods, and how to avoid the uncertainty originated from communication errors. In three kind competence circumstances, this study compares with the optimal conventional good prices, optimal customization...
Many service facilities are adopting the strategy of advertising a uniform delivery lead time to attract customers in Time Based Competition. Different kinds of customers have different sensitivities to price and time. How many money are prepared to pay for the service is also different to the customers with the same time or price sensitivity. In this typical guaranteed delivery time strategy, customer...
This paper analyzes the use of transfer pricing as a strategic device in divisional firms facing duopolistic price competition. We suppose that the firms confront the oligopoly intermediate products/services market and final products/service market. By comparing two transfer pricing policy: uniform transfer pricing and discriminating transfer pricing, we conclude that if the price of intermediate...
The global airline industries always pay attention to the air transport opening of China-USA. The agreement between China and USA relating to civil air transport is the important landmark to China aviation opening to USA. The research analyzes the competitive situation of airline market each of party including the passenger's quantity, market's quotient, transport's increase between China and USA...
Many service facilities are adopting the strategy of advertising a uniform delivery lead time to attract customers in Time Based Competition. Different kinds of customers have different sensitivities to price and time. How many money are prepared to pay for the service is also different to the customers with the same time or price sensitivity. In this typical guaranteed delivery time strategy, customer...
Corresponding to stochastic variable, it is a better choice to describe the market demand uncertainty of innovative products with fuzzy variable because no historical data is available. Traditionally, possibility measure is regarded as the parallel concept of probability measure. However, it is, in fact, the credibility measure that plays the role of probability measure! Based on the credibility theory,...
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