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Wnt signaling drives colorectal cancer stem cells, but effective therapeutics targeting these cells and their signaling pathways are lacking. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Ordóñez-Morán and colleagues describe a promising therapeutic intervention for colorectal cancers that selectively induces cancer stem cell differentiation through HOXA5 expression and Wnt signaling inhibition.
The conditions for a quantum measurement to discriminate a set of states with the minimum probability of error were specified by Yuen, Kennedy and Lax, and are often termed the YKL conditions [1]. Since light is quantum mechanical, the ultimate limit on minimum-error discrimination of an optical modulation constellation is determined by the YKL bound. Standard optical receivers (i.e., direct, homodyne...
Discriminating coherent states of light is an important instance of quantum state discrimination that is central to all applications of laser light. We obtain the ultimate quantum limit on the error probability exponent for discriminating among any M multimode coherent-state signals via the recently developed theory of the quantum Chernoff exponent in M-ary multi-copy state discrimination. A receiver...
We develop a theory for multi-channel passive optical interferometery with one or zero photon entering each input port, and we show that the output photon coincidences yield information about immanants of the interferometer transformation matrix.
An important practical open question has been to design explicit, structured optical receivers that achieve the Holevo limit in the contexts of optical communication and “quantum reading.” The Holevo limit is an achievable rate that is higher than the Shannon limit of any known optical receiver. We demonstrate how a sequential decoding approach can achieve the Holevo limit for both of these settings...
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