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Resource allocation, in terms of balancing supply and demand, is a common problem in many mission-critical systems, such as smart grids. If the participants' contribution is subject to inertia, they have to solve the problem for a specific time span in advance, that is, create schedules on the basis of demand predictions. To improve the system's stability, the participants not only have to anticipate...
Self-organization (SO) algorithms are supposed to restructure and reconfigure the system at run-time in order to empower it to fulfill its requirements under uncertain environmental conditions. For this purpose, information about the state of the environment and the system is used in feedback loops to establish a flexible, powerful system. Consequently, the performance of the SO algorithms has a significant...
In many technical systems, such as smart grids, the central issue is to enable multiple devices to solve a resource allocation problem in a cooperative manner. If the devices' ability to change their contribution is subject to inertia, the problem has to be solved proactively. This means that the allocation of resources is scheduled beforehand, based on predictions of the future demand. Because of...
Resource allocation is a common problem in technical systems. For instance, the main task in power management systems is to maintain the balance between energy production and consumption at all times. If such a resource allocation problem has to be solved in a multi-agent system in a decentralized or regionalized manner, agents have to rely on cooperation due to their limited resources and knowledge...
Multi-agent systems often consist of heterogeneous agents with different capabilities and objectives. While some agents might try to maximize their system's utility, others might be self-interested and thus only act for their own good. However, because of their limited capabilities and resources, it is often necessary that agents cooperate to be able to satisfy given tasks. To work together on such...
Open, heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MAS) have to cope with a variety of uncertainties introduced by the systems' participants and their environment. In such systems, agents can use trust values that characterize the behavior of their interaction partners as a measure of uncertainty, allowing agents to make more appropriate decisions. However, because of the systems' dynamics and the agents' limited...
This paper introduces three patterns to measure and utilize trust values in multi-agent systems (MAS). They allow a software engineer to incorporate mechanisms to gauge the benefit of interactions with other agents into the modeling and design process. In particular, patterns for trust from direct observation, reputation, and Trusted Communities are described. Each pattern contains the elements necessary...
Organic Computing tries to tackle the rising complexity of systems by developing mechanisms and techniques that allow a system to self-organize and possess life-like behavior. The introduction of self-x properties also brings uncertainty and makes the systems unpredictable. Therefore, these systems are hardly used in safety-critical domains and their acceptance is low. If those systems should also...
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