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Route Optimization (RO) refers to any approach that optimizes the transmission of packets between a Mobile Network Node/Mobile Router and a Corresponding Node/Home Agent. RO would mean that a binding between the address of an MNN/MR and the location of the mobile network is registered at the CE/HA. Technically, route optimization mechanism comes up with a complementing solution for the pinball problem...
Availability is one of the main factors to measure the QoS of any telecommunication networks. An accurate availability prediction for Free Space Optical link of carrier class grade is needed. In tropical areas, rain is the most dominant factor affecting the FSO link availability. In this paper, the effect of rain attenuation on the availability of FSO links is analyzed by examining the impact distance...
The advancement of the quantum computing is challenging the foundation of the cryptography by its almost unlimited computation power to predict the secure key that is thought to be absolutely secure based on the currently used algorithms such as the RSA and the Diffie-Hellman and others. The field of quantum cryptography on the other hand is providing the needed highly secure keys through the introduction...
Scintillation data was collected in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia for one year measurement. The data were obtained from MEASAT3 satellite operating at Ku-band with elevation angle of 77.4˚. In this paper, scintillation statistics are analysed in dry (non-rain) condition. The scintillation distributions are represented scintillation intensity and amplitude by monthly, seasonal, worst-month and annual distributions...
This paper presents an efficient technique for availability evaluation of scalable complex network. The proposed technique is based on a decomposition process of a complex n-tuple bridge network into 2n simple subnetworks, whose reliabilities are easily found through availability/unavailability product rules. The decomposition is realized through a simple “binary” mapping process, Binary Decomposition...
Statistical analysis is fundamental information for system engineer to design and plan satellite communication link. Fade duration is one aspect of fade dynamics that contributes designing of fade mitigation techniques (FMT). This paper presents statistical analysis on fade duration on high elevation angle (77.4°) in Ku-band carried out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with 12 months duration statistics.
Rain fade slope is very useful knowledge used to design of the fade countermeasures in satellite communication link. Recently, ITU-R has proposed fade slope model by limiting elevation angle up to 500. Rain fade slope was measured from downlink of space-earth path of MEASAT3 in Kuala Lumpur (3.30 N, 101.70 E), Malaysia for one year period during 1st July 2010 – 30th June 2011. The elevation angle...
The dynamic characteristics of rain fade slope are one of the important factors in the determination of the earth-to-space communication system availability. It is also useful in the design of the fade countermeasures. This paper investigates the rain fade slope which is one of the main features of fade dynamics with 0.1s, 0.5s, 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s sampling time intervals. The rain fade slope model...
In this paper an adjustment factor which reflects the vertical variation of dust storm (earth satellite links) has been derived based on the analysis of the vertical dust storm behavior. The paper has been divided to four parts. First an introduction to the dust storm phenomena and its effect on microwave signal attenuation. Secondly, observations of the behavior of the vertical dust storm intensity...
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