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Simple Power Analysis (SPA), first introduced by Kocher et al. in [1], is a technique that involves directly interpreting power consumption measurements collected during cryptographic operations. Although the possibility of attacking elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC) by SPA repeatedly appears in research papers, all accessible references evade the essence of reporting conclusive experiments where...
In recent years, radio frequency identification (RFID) UHF technology receives great attention because of its wide use in many fields. UHF RFID enables identification from a long distance unlike earlier bar-code technology. RFID tag plays one of the most important roles in logistics and passive RFID tag is the most valuable applications due to its low cost and long recognition distance. Therefore...
A novel RSSI-based localization algorithm is proposed for wireless sensor networks. The proposed distributed range-free localization scheme is implemented by a mobile anchor node equipped with a GPS. The mobile anchor node moves in sensor area and broadcasts its current position periodically. A stationary sensor node computes its location using two positions of the mobile anchor node. After first...
There are two kinds of data collection in wireless sensor network: passive and active. We here propose an adaptive, energy-efficient clustering protocol (AEEC) which is applicable to both passive and active data collection. The proposed protocol selects cluster heads according to the rank of node remaining energy and the number of node neighbors. Unlike traditional clustering protocols, it is an adaptive...
Based on finite element analysis, we propose a simulation model for radio frequency identification (RFID) SAW tag devices. Electric properties of metal electrode on substrate greatly affect the characteristics of the device and are discussed in the paper. Then the right and left boundary conditions for the device are applied to remove large unwanted waves generated by wave propagation near the boundaries...
It's always difficult to model the real 3-D capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) because of the nonlinearity and filed coupling. An alternative solution is to build a 1-D equivalent model which is enough to acquire the desired behavior of CMUT. However, it's hard to obtain the 1-D equivalent parameters of the real 3-D CMUT. This paper proposes such a theoretical model to calculate...
Power analysis attack has been widely used against cryptographic devices such as smart cards. Compared to the origin differential power analysis (DPA) attack, the later developed correlation power analysis (CPA) is advantageous due to its robustness and efficiency. However, the existing CPA power models are defective in principle as they are either based on a power model using Hamming weight or simplified...
Power analysis attacks as side channel analysis techniques of cryptographic devices have been mounted against block ciphers and public key but rarely against stream ciphers. There are no reports on correlation power analysis (CPA) attack against stream ciphers so far. This paper proposes a novel CPA against synchronous stream ciphers. Then we present two experiments of CPA attacks on stream ciphers...
It is always difficult to optimize parameters of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) because of high computational cost of Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis and prototype manufacturing cost. Thus a theoretical model is required in designing a CMUT. This paper presents such a 1-D theoretical model for CMUT reception, which makes it easier to optimize the parameters of the CMUT...
The timing acquisition constitutes a major challenge in ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR). The challenge is not only in detecting pulses with very short duration, but also in considering RMS delay spread caused by multipath channel. This paper presents a novel data-aided synchronization acquisition algorithm. With judiciously designed algorithm and training sequence, the proposed algorithm overcomes...
It is always difficult to optimize parameters of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) because of high computational time cost of finite element method (FEM) analysis and economic cost of prototype manufacturing. Thus a theoretical model is required in designing a CMUT. This paper presents such a 1-D lumped model. A transfer function between output sound pressure and input AC voltage...
Energy efficiency has been known as the most important problem in designing a data query system in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a novel query method in which the clusters are constructed only in the query area as needed and destroyed after the query ends. To achieve this goal, we design and implement a Tree-Based Clustering (TBC) protocol to support upper layer applications...
Wireless sensor networks with many inexpensive sensor nodes allow users to accurately monitor a remote environment. Usually one or several mobile nodes are used to collect and combine sensor data from each individual stationary node. These networks require robust wireless communication protocols that are energy efficient and provide low latency. Motivated by these applications, we develop a novel...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to various attacks since they are distributed in unattended environments and have limited energy, storage and computation abilities. Preventive approaches can be applied to protect WSNs from some kinds of attacks. However, preventive methods are not efficient on specific attacks. So it is necessary to develop some mechanisms for intrusion detection. Intrusion...
Sensor network reprogramming is a challenging problem and code dissemination is one of the important part in this subject. This paper proposes a novel TDMA-based code dissemination protocol which can greatly reduce the redundant message receptions and collisions in the dissemination process. We divide a program image into pages and page dissemination is in pipeline to reduce latency and achieve easy...
In this paper, we present an energy efficient localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks using a mobile anchor node. It is based on the distance measurement with extra hardware. The mobile node is equipped with a GPS receiver, RF (radio frequency) and ultrasonic transmitter. Each stationary sensor node is equipped with a RF and ultrasonic receiver. The mobile node periodically broadcasts...
Localization is one of the crucial issues in wireless sensor networks. In range-based mechanisms, the nodes obtain pairwise distances or angles with extra hardware for high localization accuracy. On the other hand, the range-free schemes obtain lower localization accuracy at low hardware cost. To improve location accuracy, we present a three dimensional range-free localization scheme by using a mobile...
A novel SON (silicon-on-nothing)-LDMOS (laterally diffused MOS) with heavily doped buried layer (HDBL) beneath air layer is proposed for RF base-station power amplifier application. The characteristics of the proposed device are analyzed in terms of breakdown voltage, kink effect, and high frequency performance. With the device and circuit simulator Atlas, two-dimensional simulations are presented...
A novel design for the temperature control of a micro-hotplate gas sensor is presented. Finite difference algorithm is developed to solve the sensor temperature stability problem under ambient air interference. A simple circuit is proposed to accurately adjust the micro-hotplate temperature with a resolution of 0.04degC. The proposed sensor has ultra low power consumption (about 13.9 muW) and is a...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes which are normally battery powered. Since these nodes are often deployed in hazard environments, it is very difficult to change or recharge batteries. Some nodes' batteries may deplete faster than others because they undertake more transmission and reception tasks. Some of the depleted nodes may play a critical role in network...
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