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In this paper, a simple method battery charge controller has been designed to protect the battery from over-charging and deep discharges. The control of the process is entrusted to Arduino Uno board, that must be able to find out the battery state and determine when the charge process must be finished. The state of the battery is perfectly controlled all the time. The use of an Arduino Uno based on...
This paper presents three different control strategies for controlling an induction motor “IM” in an electric vehicle (EV) application. The control techniques analyzed and compared are: the proportion-integral regulator (PI), the sliding mode control (SMC) and the PI-Sliding Mode Control (PI-SMC). Simulation results show the comparison performance in term of robustness.
As good candidates driving motors of electric vehicle, permanent magnet motors (PMM) exhibit high efficiency and high power density. On the other hand, they are susceptible to suffer irreversible demagnetization and insulation failure of coils under severe thermal condition. In this context, to develop more efficient PMM, it is a necessity to carry out more thermal analysis in parallel with the traditional...
This paper deals withweak wind energy control in isolated siteswith variedwind speed. It aims to find out new ways to control the DC bus voltage according to a fixed reference regardless of wind speed variations. The different simulation results of all the conversion chains realized under the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, allowed the evaluation of the suggested system'sperformance.
The present work deals with the design of a fuzzy controller insuring speed tracking of a leisure electrical vehicle. Traction motor is an axial-flux permanent-magnet one arranged in a TORUS configuration. Firstly, all parts of the vehicle powertrain are described then analytically modelled. Further, controller membership functions are introduced and fuzzification/defuzzification rules are defined...
This paper deals with modeling, based on magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC), of a linear actuator intended for the control of electromagnetic valves. Adopted technique uses a permeance network obtained through meshing considered topology with 2D elementary blocks. Such technique permits to take into account the saturation behavior of ferromagnetic materials composing actuator elements. Force applied...
This article presents one approach to adaptation control sliding mode led to a PI controller (PISMC) for controlling an induction motor in an electric vehicle application. The PISMC has the advantage to be robust, efficient, and eliminates the phenomenon of “chattering.” The controller performance is demonstrated via result of simulation in which the proposed controller effectiveness is compared to...
The paper deals with the integration of control algorithm for asynchronous motors using co-design methodology for mixed hardware/software implementation. The authors mainly focus on two points: the co-design flow and associated tools, full hardware integration with programmable FPGA device. They also present the interest in using the CORDIC (COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer) algorithm as a mathematical...
This paper presents a thermal circuit model to simulate the behaviour of an electric motor during the transient duty leading to steady-state operation under rated load. The proposed model allows the calculation of the temperature distribution in the radial direction of the electric motor, from the shaft inside to the motor frame surface. Several heat sources inside the motor as well as the heat conduction...
A three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor is used as a propulsion system of an electric vehicle (EV). The motor is controlled at different operating conditions using a direct torque control (DTC) technique known to have simple control structure with comparable performance. Whereas in a conventional DTC drive, the weakest points is the optimal voltage space vector choice. In this paper Artificial...
In this paper, an optimization is reported for the determination of time response (Tr) and power (P) of Electric Vehicle. The electric constant of back-electromotive-force, stator d- and q- axes inductances, switching period, battery voltage, stator resistance and torque gear ratio were selected as factors being able to influence the Tr and P. The optimization process was carried out with Doehlert...
Non linear control of the squirrel induction motor propelling an Electric Vehicle (EV) is designed using sliding mode theory. The proposed scheme uses an adaptive flux and speed observer that is based on a full order model of the induction motor in the indirect vector-controlled drive. The sliding mode tools allow us to separate the control from these two outputs torque and flux. To take account of...
In this paper, we propose a novel method for the spatial normalization of diffusion tensor images. The proposed method takes advantage of both the diffusion information and the spatial location of tensor in order to define an appropriate metric in a probabilistic framework. A registration energy is defined in a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS), encoding the image dissimilarity and the regularity...
Regarding limitation of fossil fuels and the high consumption rate of this energy for transportation, inclination of vehicle industry toward other sources of energy is inevitable. Electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles could be a good solution. Thanks to the state of art of electric motors, power electronics, embedded power train controller and energy storage systems like batteries, the performance...
In this paper, we propose an application of diffusion maps to fiber tract clustering in the human skeletal muscle. To this end, we define a metric between fiber tracts that encompasses both diffusion and localization information. This metric is incorporated in the diffusion maps framework and clustering is done in the embedding space using k-means. Experimental validation of the method is performed...
In this paper, we present a kernel-based approach to the clustering of diffusion tensors and fiber tracts. We propose to use a Mercer kernel over the tensor space where both spatial and diffusion information are taken into account. This kernel highlights implicitly the connectivity along fiber tracts. Tensor segmentation is performed using kernel-PCA compounded with a landmark-Isomap embedding and...
In this paper we propose a classification-based method towards the segmentation of diffusion tensor images. We use support vector machines to classify diffusion tensors and we extend linear classification to the non linear case. To this end, we discuss and evaluate three different classes of kernels on the space of symmetric definite positive matrices that are well suited for the classification of...
There has recently been considerable interest in using the permanent magnet synchronous motor for vehicle propulsion systems but the major problem is torque ripple which causes increased undesirable acoustic noise. As a function of the rotor position, the torque produced by these machines has a pulsating component in addition to the dc component. The torque waveform and, thus, the frequency content...
This paper presents the application of real coded genetic algorithms in the optimization of permanent magnet motor mass in order to reduce simultaneously the cost and the consumption of electric vehicles (EVs).
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