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Current solutions for localization of first responders are mainly based on fusion of multiple sensors and communication units. This solution usually requires too much space and weight that must be carried by rescue, police or military personnel. The goal of the paper is to demonstrate the benefits of UWB technology for such an application scenario. This technology represents a promising solution since...
This work evaluates interference mitigation mechanisms to enable the operation of self-organizing hybrid terrestrial-satellite networks with aggressive frequency reuse between terrestrial and also satellite links. The objective is to take advantage of the improved capacity and resilience to congestion of such networks while assuring and efficient use of the spectrum. In particular, single- and multi-user...
The paper considers a backhaul network for Ka-band. In this band, antenna arrays must employ large number of elements with appropriate beamforming techniques to combat the severe path loss. The goal of this paper is to analyze massive antenna arrays under realistic considerations for the use in terrestrial backhaul links. This analysis addresses practical issues from the implementation point of view...
This paper considers the design of precoding and decoding techniques for backhaul networks at Ka band. In this frequency band, large antenna arrays must be employed with appropriate beamforming and precoding techniques to combat the high path loss. Traditional multi-antenna systems use digital baseband beamforming and precoding that is not economical for large antenna arrays due to its cost and power...
This paper focuses on the design of linear baseband precoding and combining techniques for millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) backhaul networks. We consider a scenario known as MIMO multi-X channel with L transmitter base stations and K receiver base stations, each equipped with multiple antennas, where each transmitter base station communicates simultaneously with all...
A method for characterization of short range radar targets is proposed, that uses information hold by the polarimetric covariance matrix of a range cell. With regard to UWB imaging, a reduction of artefacts in image domain is achieved by filtering radar data with the aim to suppress undesired interferers. The performance is shown with real measurement data and compared to conventional techniques.
Localization of persons that are hidden behind a corner is important in various security situations when the first responders should not be exposed to any threat. This article demonstrates the feasibility of an ultrawideband multipath-exploitation radar for localization in such scenarios. The approach utilizes multibounce echoes of electromagnetic waves that are scattered by the closest person situated...
Autonomous robots are intelligent machines capable of performing tasks by themselves, without explicit human control. They can find quit a number of unique applications. Here, their utilisation for surveillance, monitoring and reconnaissance in hostile and dangerous to life environment intent on human being detection and/or static object imaging is up-to-date, promising and challenging as well. The...
In the last decade, several ultra wideband (UWB) radars assigned for the support of the emergency event solving have been developed. Usually, they provide short-range through wall localization of human beings in 2-dimensional space (2D). However, according to security experts, person positioning not only in 2D but also in 3-dimensional space (3D) is needful. Following this demand, we have focused...
The paper analyses capability of a M-sequence based UWB radar to detect people at middle-range distances from 10 to 130 meters. This feasibility study is experimentally based. We performed a set of measurements in different outdoor and indoor scenarios; in line-of-sight, obstructed line-of-sight and through-the-wall situations; and using two different UWB frequency bands. In our envisaged rescue and...
Ultra-wideband radar can be very useful for localization and tracking of moving persons under emergency situations. However, in the case of their applications in real environment, the effect of defective detection and localization of moving targets can result in incorrect evaluation of number and positions of the particular targets. Therefore, understanding of that effect is very important for the...
An approach for fine determination of transmitting antenna positions in distributed antenna system used for UWB indoor self-localization is proposed. Proposed solution is based on the ranging of the transmitting antennas by the use of the high-resolution MUSIC based method developed by authors for UWB self-localization. Performances of the proposed solution are illustrated by experimental results...
In this paper we describe a method for localization of multiple persons using a distributed network of autonomous ultra-wideband sensor nodes. The persons do not carry any devices or tags to aid their detection, but are instead detected by using the time variations they impose on the measured channel impulse response between a transmitter and a receiver. The described method uses background subtraction...
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology promises interesting perspectives for short range sensing. This paper presents UWB antennas that are used by an autonomous operating robot in order to demonstrate different localization, object identification and imaging applications in real scenarios. As the different algorithms need special antenna solutions, three types of UWB antennas are developed. Two of them...
In this article we give an overview about the principles of polarimetric Ultrawideband Radar. Starting from the state of the art and a summary of the theory we analyze the calibration principles of polarized UWB Radar Data, we investigate possible imaging algorithms and we list important applications. Finally we show an example, to detect certain targets using a polarimetric MIMO UWB radar by doing...
Ultra wideband (UWB) radar appears as the new reliable upcoming technology well suited for detection and tracking of people in critical situations and environments. Our experiences with such applications of UWB radar systems have shown that at multiple moving person scenarios, a single radar with a small antenna array is able to detect very often the person moving closest to the radar antennas only,...
Localization in distributed Ultra-Wideband sensor networks is an important area that attracts significant research interest. In this paper, main sources of errors in a realistic indoor environment of range-based localization are analyzed and a novel UWB localization approach is proposed which considers ranging, location estimation, NLOS identification and tracking. The performance of it is evaluated...
It is difficult to detect a stationary object in practice, especially in an unknown indoor environment, because t (a) there is no distinct speed difference between the targets and the background; (b) responses of the targets are contaminated by the dense unknown clutter; (c) a priori knowledge of the background is not always available. In the paper, a scheme is designed to enhance the signal by a...
In this article we propose a low complexity algorithm for detection and localization of multiple targets using UWB sensor networks. We assume that the targets being tracked do not have any devices or tags attached. They are localized using scattered electromagnetic waves. Our envisaged sensor network consists of sensor nodes that can autonomously detect and localize the closest target. Those partial...
60 GHz technology has been proposed recently for multi-Giga-bit/s access within different application scenarios, e.g. in crowded multi-user public transportation (PT) environments. Hence, channel sounders that are used to investigate multipath propagation and multi-user access techniques including spatial diversity and beam-forming in time-variant shadowing environments require ultra-wideband (UWB)...
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