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PS-QPSK is the most power efficient modulation formats in coherent transmission systems. (6PolSK)-QPSK not only benefits from PS-QPSK but also offers a better spectral efficiency. A novel scheme of 6PolSK-QPSK modulation is proposed and the performance of (6PolSK)-QPSK is compared to that of (PDM)-QPSK and PS-QPSK.
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, manifests as progressive weakening of muscles. The diagnosis and prognosis of ALS are often unclear, so useful biomarkers are needed. Methods: Total proteins were extracted from muscle samples from 36 ALS, 17 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and 36 normal individuals. The expression levels of 134...
Compared to other digital equalizers, MLSE (maximum likelihood sequence estimator) equalizer seem to be the most promising candidate solution to mitigate impairments caused by CD, PMD and fiber's nonlinearity. A novel MLSE equalizer technology combined with FFE based on nonlinear Volterra theory is investigated, which shows superior performance for joint compensation of all distortion effects in uncompensated...
PM-DQP-ASK is a promising technique to achieve bit rates greater than 100Gbit/s and high spectral efficiency, both essential for future optical networks.We demonstrated 20 Gbaud PM-DQP-ASK and its successful transmission in a 100 GHz-spaced 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK WDM systems over a 768-km transmission link along with the studies of WDM nonlinear crosstalk.
A novel scheme for automatic demultiplexing used the partial low frequency radio frequency (RF) power as control signals for polarization division multiplexed (PDM) system is proposed firstly. The spectrum of detected signals, which is sensitive to the angle between polarization controller (PC) and the polarization beam splitter (PBS), are thoroughly analyzed. The effectiveness of this demultiplexing...
The optical transmission system is being upgraded from 10G to 40G even 100G due to the increasing demands of wide-bandwidth network. We numerically investigate the nonlinear tolerance of 112 Gb/s polarization-multiplexed return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift keying signal with different types of neighboring channels on a 50-GHz grid over 1,000 km field fiber. Our transmission result proves...
A novel scheme that employing the coherent receiver in atmospheric laser communication system was proposed in this paper. DPSK format modulation is adopted to overcome atmospheric turbulence and multipath fading. Coherent receiver is used to improve system's sensitivity. Testing bed was setup and eye diagram can be measured. Real time BER would be measured soon.
We demonstrated 40 Gbaud PM-DQP-ASK and its successful transmission in a 100 GHz-spaced 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK WDM system over a 288-km transmission link along with the studies of WDM nonlinear crosstalk.
This paper focused on the delineation of boundary between farming and animal husbandry regions in China, analyzed and summarized with reference to previous studies conducted, and based on previous studies, conducted an in-depth analysis of the agricultural line by using variables including fertilizer utilization, plastic film usage, the local crop planting area, the local grain and meat output and...
Polarization multiplexing technique doubles the data rate even using the traditional modulation formats. A novel scheme of polarization stabilization method is studied in this paper. Which is independent of the transmission data rate or bit rate.
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) monitoring can be used for polarization stabilization and PMD compensation. A scheme of digital signal processor (DSP) based high precision real-time inline PMD monitoring is designed and implemented. Experiment was made and demonstrated significant improvement. The response time is 1 μs and the accurate degree is 1%.
We proposed an adaptive PMD compensation scheme based on FPGA using DPSO algorithm. Stable polarization compensation for 43 Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK transmission over 1200 km was demonstrated with endless polarization scrambling. Excellent performance was accomplished utilizing our scheme in case of changing SOP and DGD in long-haul fibre link.
In this paper, a new model based on an ameliorated Brent Kung (BK) parallel prefix network (PPN) algorithm was proposed and realized in Virtex V FPGA. In the implementation, compute complexity (area) optimization was achieved. 770 slice registers was utilized and which saved 60% logic resources to the before algorithm.
PMD is one of the main factors to signal distortion in high bit rate optical fiber communication systems. A novel PMD compensation scheme based on FPGA using DPSO algorithm is proposed. We experimentally demonstrate stable polarization compensation for 43Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK transmission over 1200km with endless polarization scrambling. The PMD compensation shows excellent performance for signals in case...
With explosive increasing of capacity in optical networks, XFP optical transceivers are widely employed. In this paper, an application of the optical transceivers with real-time diagnosis function in 40Gbit/s Polarization-Multiplexed Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (PM-DQPSK) system was designed and realized. What's more, the electrical signal 10Gbit/s from XFP optical transceiver is too...
A new adaptive polarization mode dispersion PMD compensation method in 80 Gbit/s optical communication is proposed. Through the control of DSP, the dithering particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to extract the best degree of polarization (DOP), then the DOP is used to compensate three stage PMD of optical fiber.
More information should be gathered to make the power grid unified, robust and smart. Power grid transport network needs higher capacity and reliability. There are numerous SDH/PDH equipments employed in the present network. The requirement of upgrading from SDH network to WDM network is investigated. The specific features of power grid transport network are also studied in this paper. A green heuristic...
In order to ensure the optimum allocation of resources, the collecting and aggregating information among management computers, power apparatus, communication devices, transmission lines and so on in electrical network will grow more and more important. In this paper, the management system enable exchange and readily use information securely and effectively between two or more networks, systems, devices,...
All-optic scheme for polarization multiplexed system de-multiplexing were implemented with high-speed and precise optical polarization tracking based on power difference. Stable polarization demultiplexing with 800rad/s polarization scrambling for 112Gb/s direct detection PM-RZ-DQPSK transmission over 960km was demonstrated.
Polarization-multiplexed DQPSK signals were implemented with high-speed and precise optical polarization compensation. Electronic chromatic dispersion compensation employing maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) receivers have been previously proposed to combat CD and PMD in the presence of ASE noise. In this paper we analyze the performance of a novel MLSE digital equalizer technology which...
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