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Several HVDC installations are presently undergoing refurbishment, while others have already been through refurbishment, and this paper will review the various strategies being adopted by the owners to extending the life of their plant. The projects covered by the paper include Nelson River (2000 MW Overhead Line Transmission), Konti-Skan Pole 1 (380 MW Cable + Line Transmission), McNeill (150 MW...
This presentation will provide an introduction into the main components which make up conventional Line Commutated Converter (LCC) HVDC, with ratings ranging from 75MW at the lower end, all the way up to 800 kV. This will include all of the HVDC configurations, including Back to Back, Underground/Submarine Cable, Overhead Line, covering the main circuit components and other equipment which come together...
The modular multi-level (MMC) HVDC VSC converter topology is becoming widely accepted as the de facto standard topology. Whilst it is normal to consider primarily the real power capability of such a converter it is worth bearing in mind that the origins of the circuit application to AC power systems was in STATCOM applications. This paper will look at the basic main circuit components of a modular...
This paper considers the challenges faced by power system planners and operators with regards to heavily loaded transmission corridors which constrain power flows within the AC system, that is, they are ‘bottlenecks’ within the AC system. Particular reference is made to long distance inter-area AC transmission lines. The addition of back-to-back HVDC schemes within these AC transmission circuits is...
The use of HVDC as an effective means of transmitting electrical energy now has a 50 year history since the first modern schemes were developed. Technological advances have resulted in HVDC becoming a reliable and efficient means of power transmission, both in competition with, and complementary to, AC transmission schemes. This paper will consider the opportunities and also some of the challenges...
BaZrO3 is by far the most inert crucible material that has been used for melt processing of high quality single crystal YBCO superconductors. To overcome the processing difficulties of existing solid-state methods, solution processing methods are increasingly important in powder synthesis. This study investigates several methods of producing oxalate precursors for subsequent thermal decomposition...
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