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While geographic information systems (GIS) can provide information on the static locations of critical infrastructure and evacuation routes, they do not provide the dynamically changing locations of things and people on the move. In contrast, radio frequency identification (RFID) wireless network technology can automatically identify and track the movement of assets (i.e., fire engines, ambulances,...
This paper focuses on the cost of substitution of intermediate goods and investigates how it affects macroeconomic dynamics after a natural disaster. This paper develops a macroeconomic model to show that the cost of substitution of intermediate goods is an important factor for expanding economic loss by inducing the ??cascade effect.?? In addition, it illustrated that the cost of substitution can...
This paper considers three-tier hierarchy including a principal who delegates both a design of public work and its verification work, an agent to whom a principal delegates the design work, and an inspector to whom a principal delegates the design verification. This paper includes two types of coalitions; one is that an agent offers a bribe to an inspector to abstain from checking the design drawing,...
In the supply chain among industrial sectors, reduction in the production capacity of a firm can lead to a decrease in the production of its customer firms. Such an effect is known as the ldquocascade effectrdquo and is one of the factors that expand total economic loss. This paper develops a two-sector economic growth model and investigates the economic restoration process that occurs after a natural...
One of the most important roles of building inspectors is to certify the quality of buildings by detecting faults in design drawings and preventing the construction of poor-quality buildings that do not satisfy building codes and standards. Building clients cannot independently observe the earthquake resistance performance of buildings. It is crucial that building inspectors check the earthquake resistance...
This paper focuses on aseismic retrofit contracts in the principal-agent problem with ex-post unobservability in terms of the quality of the agent's work. The principal who asks for an aseismic retrofit cannot easily observe the quality of the agent's work. This ex-post unobservability can lead the agent to take opportunistic action. Hence, the principal who predicts that the agent's work will be...
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