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To take advantage of minimum energy consumption in sub-threshold, systems are required to have robustness to variability. In sub-threshold, exponential drain current dependence on the threshold voltage produces large sensitivities to variations. Adaptive systems are required to respond to these conditions. One adaptive method, called timing error detection (TED), eliminates traditional safety margins...
Emerging ubiquitous systems such as distributed sensor networks require ultra-low power consumption. The energy minimum and thus, the lowest possible power consumption of CMOS logic, is achieved in the sub-threshold region. The exponential dependence of the drain current on threshold voltage variations leads to increased overdesign if sub-threshold circuits are to be robust. Adaptive systems are required...
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