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This paper discusses a method for abnormal motion detection and its real-time implementation on a smart camera. Abnormal motion detection is a surveillance technique that only allows unfamiliar motion patterns to result in alarms. Our approach has two phases. First, normal motion is detected and the motion paths are trained, building up a model of normal behaviour. Feed-forward neural networks are...
A broad range of very powerful foreground detection methods exist because this is an essential step in many computer vision algorithms. However, because of memory and computational constraints, simple static background subtraction is very often the technique that is used in practice on a platform with limited resources such as a smart camera. In this paper we propose to apply more powerful techniques...
SIMD (single instruction multiple data) processors have been shown to possess high capability for vector-based image processing due to their massively parallel architecture. However, it is not always easy to map the general-purpose processor implementations of high-level vision algorithms to such processors due to the hardware-imposed characteristics of SIMD processors. In this paper, our focus is...
This paper presents a self-rectification stereo vision system based on a real-time, low power, and wireless smart camera platform. The proposed self-rectification method is suitable for an embedded parallel stereo system, where the epipolar lines are parallel to the image scan lines. The stereo images are first aligned by applying 1D signature matching. Then the alignment is refined based on the quality...
Implementation of the Hough transform (HT) for line detection requires massive computation, large memory space and high bandwidth. Without parallel processing on a proper platform, it can be hardly implemented in real-time, especially with high accuracy on high-resolution images. This paper proposes several efficient methods for implementation of HT on SIMD (single-instruction, multiple-data) architecture...
In this paper, we present a real-time, low power, and wireless embedded stereo vision system. The system consists of WiCa board (wireless camera board) and the methods developed using a smart camera processor, IC3D. IC3D is an SIMD video-analysis processor that has 320 processor elements. The proposed auto-rectification method is suitable for a parallel stereo system like WiCa. It is based on the...
Real-world gesture controlled applications are not yet widely present mainly due to strong practical constraints. As a step toward realizing a practical, affordable, low-power, real time, low-latency gesture control, we present a smart camera system and an algorithm for upper body pose reconstruction implemented on the system. A single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) processor on a smart camera platform...
While providing a variety of intriguing application opportunities, a vision sensor network poses three key challenges. High computation capacity is required for early vision functions to enable real-time performance. Wireless links limit image transmission in the network due to both bandwidth and energy concerns. Last but not least, there is a lack of established vision-based fusion mechanisms when...
SIMD (single-instruction multiple-data) processors have demonstrated high performance for vector-based image processing, thereby facilitating real-time vision applications. However, to fully exploit the advantages of the SIMD architecture, implementation of a given vision algorithm needs to undergo a mapping from a general purpose CPU programming style to a pixel parallel style. This paper describes...
This paper describes a new smart camera mote with a high performance SIMD (single-instruction multiple-data) processor. Previous versions of our camera mote were equipped with IC3D, a line-based processor. The mote described in this paper is equipped with Xetal-II, a processor designed for frame-based real-time video analysis. The processor uses 320 processing elements in parallel to achieve performance...
This paper introduces a real-time surveillance application for object tracking with capabilities of functioning on 25 f/s mode, implemented in a high efficient, high performance and low power smart camera WiCa (wireless camera) developed by NXP Research. The proposed application deals with the problem of constantly changing environments as light change, swaying branches, rain and noise introduced...
Xetal-II is a SIMD processor with 320 processing elements delivering a peak performance of 107 GOPS on 16b data while dissipating 600mW. A 10Mb on-chip memory can store up to 4 VGA frames allowing efficient implementation of frame-iterative algorithms. A massively parallel interconnect provides an internal bandwidth of more than 1.3Tb/s to sustain the peak-performance. The 74mm2 IC is fabricated in...
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