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Artificial neural approach has been executed in various recorded, and a champion amongst the most understood widespread approximators. Neural framework has for quite a while been known for its ability to handle a complex nonlinear system without a logical model and can learn refined nonlinear associations gives. Theoretically, the most surely understood computation to set up the framework is the backpropagation...
Artificial neural network has been implemented in many filed, and one of the most famous estimators. Neural network has long been known for its ability to handle a complex nonlinear system without a mathematical model and has the ability to learn sophisticated nonlinear relationships provides. Theoretically, the most common algorithm to train the network is the backpropagation (BP) algorithm which...
Neurocomputing have been adapted in time series forecasting arena, but the presence of outliers that usually occur in data time series may be harmful to the data network training. This is because the ability to automatically find out any patterns without prior assumptions and loss of generality. In theory, the most common training algorithm for Backpropagation algorithms leans on reducing ordinary...
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been adapted actively in the time series-prediction arena, but the presence of outliers that usually occur in the time series data may pollute the network training data. This is due to its ability to automatically learn any pattern without prior assumptions as well as loss of generality. In theory, the most common algorithm for training the network is the backpropagation...
One prominent phase of which due attention is required in the Malaysian Private Financial Initiative agenda is value for money, under which aspects like optimum efficiency and effectiveness of each expense have been well accomplished. In this paper, the main objective lies in approximating unitary charges or materials' price indices in each Malaysian territory. Here, the goal is to find out the best...
A lot of current crime cases have been reported to involve pistols, among other firearms. The whole firing pin impression image on a cartridge case is one of the most substantial clues for firearms identification. In this study, a total of 16 features of geometric moments up to the sixth order were extracted from the entire firing pin impression images. All five pistols of the Parabellum Vector SPI...
The Private Financial Initiative (PFI) program has been implemented by many developed countries throughout the world as an innovative way for the governments to improve future public service delivery and infrastructure procurement. However, the idea is just about to germinate in Malaysia and its success is still vague. The major phase that needs to be given main attention in this agenda is value for...
Malaysia is aiming towards a developed country by the year 2020. Therefore, implementation of Private Financial Initiative (PFI) in Malaysia is needed as a procurement method to improve the delivery and quality of infrastructure facilities and public services in this country. The most essential aspect that needs to be fulfilled in this program is value for money (VFM) whereby maximum efficiency and...
There are many crime cases such as murders or robberies which frequently involve firearms, especially pistols. The centre firing pin impression image on a cartridge case is one of the important clues for firearms identification. In this study, a total of 16 features of geometric moments up to the sixth order were extracted from centre of firing pin impression images. A total of five pistols of the...
Malaysia is moving forward towards a developed country by the year 2020. Therefore, implementation of Private Financial Initiative (PFI) in Malaysia is really needed in order to improve the delivery and quality of infrastructure facilities and public services in this nation. The success of this program can only be made possible by healthy participation from both public and private sectors in Malaysia...
Many heavy crimes committed such as murders or robberies frequently involve firearms, particularly pistols. In order to solve the crime cases, firearm identification is becoming vital. Unique marks are left on the bullet and the cartridge case when a firearm is fired. The firing pin impression is one of the most vital marks on any cartridge case. In this study, a total of 68 features of firing pin...
Firearms identification is a vital aim of firearm analysis. The firing pin impression image on a cartridge case from a fired bullet is one of the most significant clues in firearms identification. In this study, a set of data which focused on selected 6 features of firing pin impression images before an entirety of five different pistols of South African made; the Parabellum Vector SPI 9mm model,...
A new way of teaching using multimedia presentations or game-based technologies are urgently needed in order to engage and sustain students’ learning interests in their learning materials. To achieve that, teachers should be able to produce interactive multimedia learning materials (e.g. educational games) themselves. However, current authoring tools such as Adobe Flash and Macromedia Director are...
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