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Urban energy systems comprise various supply side technologies, by which heating, cooling and electricity energy are produced, converted and consumed in a given urban area. The number of alternative arrangements of technologies introduces many degrees of freedom, particularly where large numbers of buildings and networks are in play. The problem being modeled in the present study is to determine the...
Optimization modeling is popular for evaluating the design of energy systems in a given urban area. This is largely because the design of urban energy systems requires to make complex decisions about the choice of technologies, their location, and the fuels they use. This study presents an approach for modeling and optimizing decisions for retrofitting urban energy systems, with a focus on the optimal...
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