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To clarify the invasive mechanisms of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BCa) would be useful for the determination of appropriate treatment strategies. We previously showed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-MET signaling is correlated with invasiveness of BCa cells. Here, we investigated the effects of the MET inhibitor, cabozantinib (XL184), on BCa cells.We first conducted Western blot analysis to...
To analyse the gene-expression level of claudin-7 in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder, and its relationship with clinicopathological variables.This study included 68 specimens of UC of the bladder, comprising 35 with non-muscle-invasive (NMI), stage Ta–T1, and 33 with muscle-invasive (MI) tumours, T2–T4, and 26 of normal urothelium (NU). Total RNA was extracted and 1μg was reverse...
To examine plakophilin proteins (Pkp) and 3 expression levels in bladder cancer, in particular their levels during cellular growth and invasion. Pkp is associated with the binding of cadherin to intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of Pkp2 and 3 in bladder cancer cell lines were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction...
To examine actinin-4 expression levels in bladder cancer, in particular its levels during cellular growth and invasion. Actinin-4 is an actin-binding protein that is associated with cell motility and cancer metastasis.Relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of actinin-4 in normal bladder and bladder cancer cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain...
Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly in which both testes descend through the same inguinal canal. We report an 8-month-old male with TTE and hypospadias. To help manage the patient, we conducted laparoscopy to elucidate the anatomy of the spermatic cord of the ectopic testis. On laparoscopy, we clearly identified the spermatic cord of the right ectopic testis...
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