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Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) UV observations of Venus’ upper cloud tops were obtained between 20N and 40S latitude on December 28, 2010; January 22, 2011 and January 27, 2011 in coordination with the Venus Express (VEx) mission. The high spectral (0.27nm) and spatial (40–60km/pixel) resolution HST/STIS data provide the first direct and simultaneous record of the latitude...
We present observations of Io’s tenuous lower atmosphere on the Jupiter-facing hemisphere at ultraviolet wavelengths, from 2100 to 2250Å, using the Hubble Space Telescope’s Cosmic Origins Spectrometer, during the period immediately after Io emerges from Jupiter eclipse. The density of an atmosphere dominantly controlled by frost sublimation is highly dependent on the thermal properties of the surface...
We report on an investigation of the spatial distribution of Io’s atmosphere, and its diurnal variability, using Hubble’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS). From December 2010 to January 2012, we obtained spatially resolved limb-to-limb 2100–3100Å spectra at low latitudes (<30°), with the STIS 0.1″ slit. Spectra taken at two central meridian longitudes (CMLs), 200 and 250W, over regions...
Based on the vapor pressure behavior of Pluto’s surface ices, Pluto’s atmosphere is expected to be predominantly composed of N2 gas. Measurement of the N2 isotopologue 15N/14N ratio within Pluto’s atmosphere would provide important clues to the evolution of Pluto’s atmosphere from the time of formation to its present state. The most straightforward way of determining the N2 isotopologue 15N/14N ratio...
We report on mid-UV spectroscopy of Io’s SO 2 atmosphere from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and compare to contemporaneous ground-based mid-infrared spectroscopy of the atmosphere. Our motivation is to evaluate the consistency of atmospheric parameters derived by different observational techniques, and in particular to verify the atmospheric densities...
Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (HST/WFPC2) images of Io obtained between 1995 and 2007 between 0.24 and 0.42μm led to the detection of the Pele plume in reflected sunlight in 1995 and 1999; imaging of the Pele plume via absorption of jovian light in 1996 and 1999; detection of the Prometheus-type Pillan plume in reflected sunlight in 1997; and detection of the 2007 Pele-type...
In February 2003, March 2003 and January 2004 Pele plume transmission spectra were obtained during Jupiter transit with Hubble's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), using the 0.1″ wide slit and the G230LB grating. The STIS spectra covered the 2100–3100 Å wavelength regions and extended spatially along Io's limb encompassing the region directly above and northward of the vent of the Pele volcano...
We have observed about 16 absorption lines of the ν2 SO 2 vibrational band on Io, in disk-integrated 19-μm spectra taken with the TEXES high spectral resolution mid-infrared spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility in November 2001, December 2002, and January 2004. These are the first ground-based infrared observations of Io's sunlit atmosphere, and provide a new window on the...
Using the Hubble Space Telescope's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph we have obtained for the first time spatially resolved 2000–3000 Å spectra of Io's Prometheus plume and adjoining regions on Io's anti-jovian hemisphere in the latitude range 60° N–60° S, using a 0.1″ slit centered on Prometheus and tilted roughly 45° to the spin axis. The SO 2 column density peaked at 1.25×10 17 ...
We present a detailed analysis of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC 2) images of the first 25 min of the impacts of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 fragments A and G with Jupiter and the post impact ejecta patterns observed 1-2 h after each impact event, with a brief analysis of the available observations of the first 25 min of the E and W events. Via a ballistic model we...
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