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Three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output (3D MIMO) is one of the most promising techniques for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems. In order to catch the the propagation characteristics of the 3D channel, extensive measurements have been carried out. Although outdoor to indoor (O2I) scenarios is one of the main propagation of 3D MIMO channel, it remains too much work to...
It is necessary to study the spatial evolution of clusters in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile channel, which is one of the important features in cluster-based models. In this paper, we analyze the data collected from the massive MIMO mobile measurement campaign, with a 256-element virtual array at 3.5 GHz in line of sight (LoS) and non line of sight (NLoS) conditions, respectively...
This paper shows the variation of clusters with the increasing number of antennas. The data was collected from the massive MIMO mobile measurement at 3.5 GHz, in line of sight (LoS) and non line of sight (NLoS) conditions, respectively. And the virtual measurement method is used to form the 64-element, 128-element and 256-element virtual antenna array from the 32-element antenna array. After estimating...
An accurate and reliable massive MIMO channel model is crucial for supporting design and performance evaluation of such systems in the future. However, massive MIMO channel sounding systems are cost prohibitive and complicated, where a large number of antenna elements and associated radio frequency transceiver chains are needed. Virtual large-scale arrays have been extensively utilized as an alternative...
In this paper, we investigate the statistical characteristics of the three dimensional (3D) multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) channels and their dependency on the dynamic range in channel impulse responses (CIRs). Our study is based on empirical results obtained from the 3D MIMO channel measurement campaigns at 6 GHz in a typical urban macrocell outdoor-to-indoor scenario. The space-alternating...
Three dimensional (3D) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is considered as one key technology for 5th Generation mobile communication systems. However, can the capacity derived from a 3D channel impulse response (CIR) better approximate the corresponding capacity derived from the measured CIR? Is there a substantial improvement in the capacity of 3D MIMO system in comparison to the classical 2D...
In this paper, we perform 3-Dimensional (3D) clustering based on the Outdoor-to-Indoor (O2I) wideband 3D multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel measurement at 3.5 GHz. Clusters are identified by KPowerMeans algorithm. Based on analysis on clustering results, we modified the definition of Multiple component distance (MCD) to split the bounding of azimuth and elevation, which can obtain larger...
We present the results of a 3 dimensional (3D) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel impulse response (CIR) measurement conducted in China and New Zealand (NZ) for an outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) urban macro environment. Key channel parameters are computed from the measured data using the space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm, and are used to re-construct the 16...
Three dimensional (3D) Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) is one of the most promising techniques for the 5th Generation (5G) mobile communication systems. Thus there is an urgent need for one reliable 3D MIMO channel model to research and evaluate 3D MIMO techniques. In this paper, we focus on the statistic characteristics of elevation angle in urban microcell (UMi) and propose a novel elevation...
In this paper, the performance of 3D MIMO is evaluated with measurement data for the first time. The MEMO channel response for different 3D antenna configurations is extracted from measured channel matrix in the high rise scenario and the corresponding data rates are calculated. The major findings are as follows. For single user MIMO, vertically spaced antennas does better in transmit beamforming...
In this paper, we present a cluster parameter based analysis of an outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) measurement campaign carried out at 3.5 GHz in an office building. The measurement was performed using a wideband multi-antenna radio channel sounder. Besides azimuth angle of arrival (AoA), azimuth angle of departure (AoD) and delay domains included in traditional 2 dimensional...
This paper reports the methodology and results from our latest field measurement campaign for characterizing the 3-dimensional (3D) MIMO channel, particularly in the elevation domains, in a typical urban macro (UMa) environments in Beijing, China. Stochastic channel model parameters are obtained based on the high-resolution multi-path parameter estimates. In addition, a distance dependent elevation...
Based on the channel measurement in a typical indoor environment, wideband multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel capacity analysis result is reported in this paper. A series of non line-of-sight (NLOS) and LOS measurement positions are planned for capacity comparison in different propagation conditions. For fixed received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), slight average capacity loss in LOS cases is...
Distributed antenna system (DAS) is a very promising technology to enhance the capacity of indoor communication system due to the inherent macro and micro diversity. With its natural characteristics of reducing the access distance and increasing the probability of line-of-sight (LoS) coverage, DAS can greatly enhance the power efficiency, which is in accordance with the goal of green communication...
This article addresses the emerging challenges for the extensive application of IMT-Advanced MIMO channel model to the upcoming technologies, e.g., relay and CoMP. To verify the observation and analysis, some field measurements for MIMO channel have been carried out in down town Beijing for the UMi scenario. From the measured data, PL, delay, and AS model for relay are compared with those in ITU-R...
In this paper, measurement data from wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel measurements at 2.35 GHz are presented. Measurements were preformed in indoor hotspot scenario with no line of sight (NLOS). Space-alternating generalized expectation (SAGE) algorithm was utilized to estimate angular domain parameters and powers of multipath components (MPCs), which are then used to compute...
The wideband channel measurements at 580 MHz, 2.35 GHz and 4.90 GHz have been performed in the urban micro- and macrocell scenarios in the cities of China with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel sounder. The measured cases include line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation. Statistical results and comparative analysis for both scenarios are presented in this paper, including...
Wideband channel measurements have been performed at 5.25 GHz in hotspot areas in Beijing with a multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) channel sounder. Based on the measured data in the indoor line-of-sight (LOS) and outdoor LOS/obstructed-line-of-sight (OLOS) scenarios, the frequency- dependent eigenvalues and average eigenvalue statistics are presented in this paper. In the indoor scenario, the...
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