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Sleep is regulated by a circadian clock that times sleep and wake to specific times of day and a homeostat that drives sleep as a function of prior wakefulness [1]. To analyze the role of the circadian clock, we have used the fruit fly Drosophila [2]. Flies display the core behavioral features of sleep, including relative immobility, elevated arousal thresholds, and homeostatic regulation [2, 3]....
Circadian clocks consist of transcriptional feedback loops housed in interdependent pacemaker neurons. Yet little is known about the neuronal output components essential for rhythmic behavior. Drosophila mutants of a putative ion channel, narrow abdomen (na), exhibit poor circadian rhythms and suppressed daylight activity. We find that NA is expressed in pacemaker neurons and induced expression within...
For pathophysiological studies, it is advantageous to label specific neuronal populations in living animals. This study aimed to establish a method for stable and long-lasting fluorescent labeling of corticospinal neurons in the living animal. The two fluorescent dyes Fluoro-Red and Fluoro-Green were injected in the cervical spinal cord of anesthetized newborn rats. After a recovery period, treated...
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