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Thermal desalination by salinity-gradient solar ponds (SGSP) is one of the most promising solar desalination technologies. Solar ponds combine solar energy collection with long-term storage and can provide reliable thermal energy at temperature ranges from 50 to 90 o C. Solar-pond-powered desalination has been studied since 1987 at the El Paso Solar Pond Project, El Paso, Texas. From 1987...