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eIF4E, the mRNA 5′ cap-binding translation initiation factor, is overexpressed in numerous cancers and is implicated in mechanisms underlying oncogenesis and senescence. 4E-BPs (eIF4E-binding proteins) inhibit eIF4E activity, and thereby act as suppressors of eIF4E-dependent pathways. Here, we show that tumorigenesis is increased in p53 knockout mice that lack 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2. However, primary fibroblasts...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) needs to overcome cellular counter mechanisms such as to successfully propagate itself. Results of our recent studies show that overexpression of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA binding protein 1 (IMP1) inhibits production of infectious HIV-1 particles through adversely affecting virus maturation. Here, we report that IMP1 interacts with HIV-1 Rev protein...
Gag protein is the major structural component of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles and drives virus assembly on cellular membranes. This function of Gag is attributed to its intrinsic self-multimerization ability as well as its interaction with cellular factors such as TSG101 that binds to the PTAP sequence in the p6 region of Gag and promotes HIV-1 budding through recruiting the...
RNA helicases play important roles in RNA metabolism. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not carry its own RNA helicase, the virus thus needs to exploit cellular RNA helicases to promote the replication of its RNA at various steps such as transcription, folding and transport. In this study, we report that knockdown of a DEAD-box protein named DDX24 inhibits the packaging of HIV-1 RNA...
RNA helicases are a large family of proteins that are able to unwind RNA duplex and remodel the structure of RNA–protein (RNP) complexes using energy derived from hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs). Every step of cellular RNA metabolism involves the activity of RNA helicases. Not surprisingly, more and more RNA helicases are reported to participate in the replication of viruses including...
Encapsidation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA involves specific interactions between viral Gag proteins and viral RNA elements located at the 5' untranslated region (UTR). These RNA elements are termed packaging (ψ) or encapsidation (E) signals and mainly comprise the stem-loop 1 (SL1) and SL3 RNA structures. We have previously shown that deletion of the SL1 sequences is compensated...
We have selectively mutagenized specific residues at the junction between the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to study the effects of PR-RT fusion proteins in the context of a full-length, infectious proviral construct. Mutant viruses derived from COS-7 cells transfected with this construct were analyzed in regard to each of viral replication,...
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