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Ring desmethyl and acyclic analogues of all-trans retinal were incorporated into the apoprotein of the phototaxis receptor sensory rhodopsin I (SR-I) in Halobacterium halobium membranes. All modified retinals generate SR-I analogue pigments which exhibit "opsin shifts," i.e., their absorption spectra are shifted to longer wavelengths compared with model protonated Schiff bases of the same...
Retinal analogues with altered conjugated double bond systems or altered stereochemistry were incorporated into the phototaxis receptor sensory rhodopsin (SR) and the light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin (BR) from Halobacterium halobium. Wavelength shifts in absorption ("opsin shifts") due to analogue interaction with the protein microenvironment demonstrate that the same overall electrostatic...