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The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers have experienced series of structural modifications and improvements. Example of such modifications are set-point weighting and fractional ordering. While the former is to achieve two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) ability of set-point tracking and disturbance rejection, the latter is to ensure smooth control action. Therefore, this paper reviews various...
Forward modeling is an important step in processing data of seabed logging (SBL) with controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method to determine the location and dimension of a hydrocarbon layer under the seafloor. In this research, forward modeling was conducted using a radial basis function (RBF) network, which is an important type of artificial neural networks. To train this RBF network, a data...
In electromagnetic (EM) geophysical surveys the most revealing description of EM distortion occurs due to heterogeneity of medium. Prior to determine EM field behavior for stratified earth model, there is need to understand EM field behavior for topography and single interface model. This study involve ingle interface model which embodies two very different situations of conductive and non-conductive...
This paper present numerical modeling of infinitesimal dipole for the purpose of finding irregularities in real time survey data of marine controlled source electromagnetic survey. Algorithm for numerical solution using staggered grid scheme of finite difference method has been developed by using auxiliary potential functions in Helmholtz equation. Solution is obtained through a) discretized the solution...
A marine electromagnetic survey is an engineering endeavour to discover the location and dimension of a hydrocarbon layer under an ocean floor. In this kind of survey, an array of electric and magnetic receivers are located on the sea floor and record the scattered, refracted and reflected electromagnetic wave, which has been transmitted by an electric dipole antenna towed by a vessel. The data recorded...
Among electrical tomography techniques, electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been the subject of extensive recent research due to its non intrusive and non-invasive nature. It is used for obtaining information about the distribution of the contents of closed pipes or vessels by measuring variations in the dielectric properties of the material inside the vessel. An experimental study was conducted...
This paper present two-dimensional forward modeling of marine controlled-source electromagnetic data for the purpose of hydrocarbon mapping. The forward algorithm employs a staggered-grid finite difference solution to the total-electric field Helmholtz equation. Solution are achieved through a) an optimal grid technique that extends the boundaries of the mesh outward from the region of interest using...
Forward modeling is an important step in processing data of seabed logging (SBL) with controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method to determine the location of a hydrocarbon layer under the seafloor. In this research, forward modeling was conducted using a multi layer perceptron (MLP), which is an important type of artificial neural networks. To train this MLP, a data set was generated using simulation...
This paper is a continuation report of a series of research on seabed logging (SBL). In this paper, it was shown that a certain geophysical inverse problem (such as one posed by SBL) can be solved using an important class of artificial neural networks, which is a radial basis function (RBF). To show this, several sets of synthetic data has been generated using some assumed models of a physical property...
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