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Lead and cadmium are the two widely recognized toxic metals, with known ecological risk to freshwater fish in contaminated ecosystems. However, their effect at environmentally realistic level in a mixture has been rarely investigated. In the present study, serum metabolic responses of Crucian carp exposed to Pb (30 µgL−1), Cd (100 µgL−1) and Pb+Cd (30 + 100 µgL−1) for 21 days were investigated by...
In the presence of guard band sub-carriers, the existing correlation-based time-domain channel estimation schemes do not perform well and suffer from high computational complexity. Herein, we proposed an optimized time domain channel estimation scheme with high accuracy and low complexity. In proposed correlation error cancellation (CEC) solution, the larger part of actual channel estimation solution...
Modern communication systems are required to be compact in size; hence devices building up the system face the challenge to be miniaturized. An iterative designed Bowtie shaped two pole planar bandpass filters utilizing triangular substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) resonators are presented. The triangular cavity design structure is presented; and the coupling of two cavities forms the first iteration...
An end-coupled line bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed and designed by placing defected ground structure (DGS) in the ground plane. DGS is used for its property of miniaturizing the size of microwave filter and also improving the mutual coupling between the resonators. The proposed dumbbell shaped DGS is used to tune the bandpass filter to 2.4 GHz with dimension of 44 mm × 18 mm. A wide tuning range...
A stepped impedance resonator bandpass filter (SIR BPF) is proposed and designed by placing defected ground structure (DGS) in the ground plane. DGS is used for its property of miniaturizing the size of microwave filter and also improving the mutual coupling between the resonators. The proposed dumbbell shaped DGS is used to tune the bandpass filter to 2.4 GHz with dimension of 28 mm × 30 mm. A wide...
A planar bandpass filter based on a technique that utilizes quarter mode of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is presented. This concept reduces the circuit foot print of SIW to a quarter of its size, along with miniaturization good performance and high quality factor is maintained by the structure. The design concept for single-pole resonator structure is presented; and by coupling the resonators...
The concept of Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) has emerged to be a good replacement of rectangular waveguides in low-cost and high-volume microwave and millimeter wave band applications. A number of bandpass filters have been developed since the advent of the SIW technology. However, its various forms have also been introduced in order to bring about further reduction in the footprint of these...
Defected ground structures (DGS) have known to be serving for the improvement in characteristics of many microwave circuits. Not only DGS has various advantages in the area of microwave power amplifier, Wilkinson power divider, microwave antennas, couplers etc, it is also used in the design of microwave filter to achieve stopband effects, slow-wave effects, frequency adjustment etc. A bandpass filter...
Criminal activities cause a huge amount of loss both financially and in terms of human lives. Because of these acts, business and social sectors are struggling. This paper illustrates the development of an online sensor stream mining system that is able to analyze the situational behavior of all of the persons in specific areas and in turn propose real-time alert systems to take countermeasures. This...
Criminal activities are causing a huge amount of loss both in term of financial and human lives. Due to these acts, business and social sectors are striving. This paper is aimed to develop an online sensor stream mining system, able to analyze situational behavior of all persons in some specific vicinity and proposes real-time alert system to take countermeasures. This system is designed to gather...
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