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The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) has an unusual carboxyl‐terminal domain (CTD). This domain is composed of a tandemly repeating heptapeptide, Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7, that has multiple roles in regulating Pol II function and processing newly synthesized RNA. Transient phosphorylation of Ser2 and Ser5 of the YS2PTS5PS repeat have well‐defined roles in recruiting different protein complexes...
Transcription elongation is one of the key steps at which RNA polymerase II‐directed expression of protein‐coding genes is regulated in eukaryotic cells. Different proteins have been shown to control this process, including the ELL/EAF family. ELL Associated Factors (EAFs) were first discovered in a yeast two‐hybrid screen as interaction partners of the human ELL (Eleven nineteen Lysine‐rich Leukemia)...
EAF (ELL Associated Factor) proteins interact with the transcription elongation factor, ELL (Eleven nineteen Lysine rich Leukemia) and enhance its ability to stimulate RNA polymerase II-mediated transcriptional elongation in vitro. Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains a single homolog of EAF (SpEAF), which is not essential for survival of S. pombe in contrast to its essential higher eukaryotic homologs...
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