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Objectives
To evaluate whether percutaneous nerve evaluation (PNE) without fluoroscopy is inferior to fluoroscopy use in women undergoing trials of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for pelvic floor disorders (PFDs).
Materials and Methods
In an unblinded noninferiority trial, women undergoing PNE were randomized to fluoroscopy or no fluoroscopy. The primary outcome was “success” and defined as implantation...