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We report low-frequency electrical resistance noise of Co40Fe40B20/MgO/Co20Fe60B20-based magnetic tunnel junction field sensors with reference and sensing layer magnetization directions along the out-of-plane and in-plane directions, respectively. The devices are fabricated using the sputter deposition and conventional lithography techniques with a short axis of $\sim 6~\mu \text{m}$ long and long...
The Joule balance method to measure the Planck constant and redefine the Kilogram ultimately has been going on at the National Institute of Metrology of China (NIM) since 2007. The first prototype has been built to check the feasibility of the principle. In 2012, the relative uncertainty of the plank constant measurement result is at 10−5 level. Self-heating of the coils, swing of the coil, etc.,...
This paper presents a special portable apparatus for workpiece magnetism determination of joule balance at NIM. It could be used to evaluate easily the magnetic variation of mechanical parts before and after processing, quickly measuring weak magnetic properties of materials. The measuring process is simple without a customized sample. From the variation of a mutual inductance value in two different...
Planar Gunn diodes have been scaled vertically through combining multiple active epilayer stacks present in previously successful GaAs/AlGaAs devices. Comparison of results from fabricated devices with those simulated using a Monte Carlo approach suggest that while current and power output rises in such scaled designs, this is limited by significant heating which results in sub-linear scaling with...
An In0.23Ga0.77As-based planar Gunn diode operating in its fundamental transit-time mode of oscillation at 116 GHz with output power of -24 dBm is demonstrated. The diode has a pseudomorhpic HEMT-like structure grown on a semi-insulating GaAs substrate. The layer design was carried out using a two-dimensional drift-diffusion model. The realized devices show considerable potential as a source of millimeter-wave...
Micromechanical resonant displacement gain stages have been demonstrated that employ directionally engineered stiffnesses in resonant structures to effect displacement amplification from a driven input axis to an output axis. Specifically, the introduction of slots along the output axis of a 53-MHz wine-glass mode disk resonator structure realizes a single gain stage with a measured input-to-output...
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