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Background Although cetrimonium bromide is widely used for its bactericidal effects, the safety of cetrimonium bromide remains controversial. Therefore, the phytotoxicity of cetrimonium bromide was tested to evaluate its acute toxicity to plants and possible toxicity to other organisms and the ecosystem. Results The germination rates of two test species, Lactuca sativa and Brassica campestris, were...
In this paper, we first suggest a new type of Markov model extended by Watkins' action replay process. The new Markov model is called multi-action replay process (MARP), which is a process designed for multiagent coordination on the basis of reward values, state transition probabilities, and equilibrium strategy taking account of joint-action among agents. Using this model, multiagent Q-learning algorithm...
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