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In the practical quantum key distribution system, discrepancies may occur on the secret random sequences shared through a quantum mechanical channel even in the absence of an eavesdropper because of an imperfect system configuration and noises. The discrepancies may be spread and expanded tlirougli a following privacy amplification. Therefore all the discrepancies must be removed at this point. The...
We prove that the classical capacity of a quantum channel for M symmetric states is achieved by a uniform distribution on a priori probabilities. We also investigate nonsymmetric cases such as a ternary amplitude shift keyed signal set and a 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulated signal set in coherent states.
The optimum detection of mutual information is numerically analyzed in terms of group covariant detections for three-phase shift keyed signals in coherent states. It is clarified that the optimum detection of mutual information is equal to that of the error probability except for the region of a small signal photon number.
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