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The Neugrund Bank is situated on the southern side of the entrance of the Gulf of Finland (59°20′N; 23°31′E) between Osmussaar and Krass islands. It is a shoal of a very peculiar multi-ring shape. In the coastal and offshore area of North-Western Estonia, numerous erratic boulders, consisting of rocks resembling impact breccias, have been found. The investigations proved that under Neugrund Bank and...
The Early Cambrian (approximately 535 Ma) Neugrund marine impact structure is located on the southern side of the entrance to the Gulf of Finland, immediately eastward of Osmussaar Island, Estonia. The origin of the structure was noted already in 1995–1998, but data obtained during the expeditions of 2000 and 2001 have shed new light on its morphology. The impact structure is about 20 km in diameter...
The Kardla marine impact structure (Estonia, 58 o 58'N, 22 o 46'E) was formed at 455Ma (Upper Ordovician), in a shallow epicontinental sea some tens of kilometres from the land and erosion area. The iron-rich projectile about 200m in diameter approached from the west at an angle of 30-45 o . The impactor penetrated about 50-m-thick water layer and the sedimentary cover and...
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