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Squid giant axons recover from acid loads by activating a Na+-driven Cl–HCO3 exchanger. We internally dialyzed axons to an intracellular pH (pHi) of 6.7, halted dialysis and monitored the pHi recovery (increase) in the presence of ATP or other nucleotides, using cyanide to block oxidative phosphorylation. We computed the equivalent acid-extrusion rate (JH) from the rate of pHi increase and...