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Hintergrund Femtosekundenlaser werden im Rahmen der refraktiven Hornhautchirurgie u. a. zur Laser-in-situ-Keratomileusis (LASIK)-Flaperzeugung, zur Dissektion von Lentikeln und zur Astigmatismuskorrektur eingesetzt. Fragestellung Femtosekundenlaser sind komplex und teuer, und die Schnittpräzision ist durch die große Länge des Laserfokus bei den üblicherweise verwendeten Infrarot (IR)-Wellenlängen...
The wavelength dependence of femtosecond and nanosecond optical breakdown in transparent dielectrics is important for laser micromachining, and for laser surgery of cells and tissues. This work experimentally investigates the intensity threshold, Ith(lambda) for pulse durations of ap 265 fs in the range between 330 nm and 1100 nm at 50 individual wavelengths, and ~ 2 ns in the range between 725 nm...
Optical breakdown and spherical bubble collapse are two different nonlinear mechanisms producing a large energy density within a small spatial region. Extreme states of matter with pressures p up to 107 MPa (100 Megabar) for femtosecond optical breakdown, and temperatures T ranging from 104 up to 108 K for the collapse of bubbles oscillating in a sound field have been reported. However, because of...
Both femtosecond and nanosecond pulses can create low-density plasmas in transparent dielectrics suitable for nano-cell surgery and modification of glasses. The variation of mechanisms with pulse repetition rate and duration is discussed.
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