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In the modern power system, characterization of customer's demand plays a vital role for Demand Side Management. Demand flexibility information, extracted from the aggregate demand behaviour of customers, presents more comprehensive picture for the aggregator or system operator. There is an existence of diverse flexible time slots during a day in different time periods. Due to the diverse energy consumption...
Net metering is used to incentivize the distributed generation owners. It is introduced in Pakistan with the aim to promote the building integrated local generation. Presently, it is hard to find any study on the economic incentive indicators of the net metering policy for residential customers in Pakistan. This paper presents the economic evaluation of net metering benefits to the individual residential...
In spite of the strong believes, the progress and maturity in the deployment of smart grids is very slow. The main reasons behind the slow pace are not due to the technical aspects but, perhaps, as a result of an inappropriate business model, not adequately centered to the customers. Nature, with ability to survive and resist, is a splendid example of competitive life. Mathematical models show that...
Contrary to expectations, the development of smart (mini) grids is slow. Due to drastic improvements in innovative technologies, the reasons are not strictly technical but the problem mainly lies in regulatory barriers. The current business models are centric to utilities rather than customers. Net metering is a key enabling factor for smart (mini) grids. This paper addresses the economic benefits...
This paper deals with the definition of demand flexibility time intervals. These intervals are extracted from the binomial probability model of load variation patterns with the two possible categories of increase and non-increase in demand. These intervals along with the information on the coefficient of variation of the aggregate demand are used to assess the potential of demand flexibility exhibited...
The demand side in a power system has key importance in the evolving context of the energy systems. Exploitation of possible flexibilities of the customer's behavior is considered as an important option to promote demand response programmes and to achieve greater energy savings. For this purpose, the first action required is to augment availability of information about consumption patterns. The electricity...
Electrical load patterns that represent the consumption level are affected by different types of uncertainties associated with customer's behavior and with keeping acceptable comfort level. The resulting aggregated load pattern indicates the system response that may be more or less flexible in different periods of time. Many research activities have been dedicated to explore the flexibility of load...
The electrical load in residential systems highly depends on various types of uncertainty due to the lifestyle of the residential customers. Enhancing the knowledge on the aggregated behavior of these customers is particularly important for the distribution system operator, also with the aim of determining the potential flexibility of the residential demand and setting up the economic terms of the...
Aggregator in a microgrid is responsible for its secure and economic operation. As far as system economics is concerned, there are many factors upon which energy cost is dependent, for example peak demand rates and penalties due to violations in energy purchase contracts. Extra charges due to high energy demand and contract violation penalties can be avoided using demand side flexibility. Demand side...
Economic dispatch (ED) is the generation allocation problem subject to various constraints. The actual behaviour of thermal generators is non-convex but cost characteristics are typically approximated to convex ones in the analysis. So the results obtained through optimization techniques can be inaccurate. Dynamic programming has been used to solve non-convex ED, but it suffers from the curse of dimensionality...
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