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We present an optimized modulation scheme that outperforms EPC UHF Gen2's FM0 protocol in terms of throughput without compromising power consumption, signal fidelity, or RFID chip complexity. We analyze a rate 6/8-balance code, which increases throughput by 50%, to show how fidelity and complexity compares favorably to the current Gen2 FM0 backscatter modulation scheme. This improvement could be used...
The selection of channel codes for backscatter RFID tag-to-reader communications has always been preoccupied with minimal cost, low chip complexity, low power consumption, and the poor sensitivities of early-2000s RFID readers. For example, the ISO 18000–6C standard for UHF RFID tags employs FM0 modulation—an extraordinarily simple scheme that does not maximize throughput. We demonstrate how higher-rate...
We present a scheme for using asynchronous trigger modulation in radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), which allows more robust backscatter modulation without increasing tag power consumption. Since the implementation does not require load modulation transitions that correspond to regular clock intervals of synchronous logic, a whole new class of waveforms in RFID is also possible, including...
RFID applications have power constraints that limit RF tags to short range communications. This article presents the design procedures, validated by experimental results, to make a low-powered reflection amplifier that exploits the quantum mechanical tunneling effect to dramatically enhance the range of passive or semi-passive tags. A return gain of 34.4 dB with bias power of 45 μW at 5.45 GHz and...
Given a particular digital logic path and a desired operating frequency there exists an optimal trade off of dynamic, static, and short-circuit power dissipation. Techniques like DVS and variable thresholds exist to bring paths closer to this optimum, but intrinsic complications limit how close they can get. We present capacitively-biased, floating-gate CMOS (FG-CMOS) as a new, and intrinsically more...
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