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A cost-efficient framework for executing life-time dependability procedures is presented in this paper. The proposed framework relies on distributed sensors and actuators (embedded instruments) for self-awareness and adaptation, where the IEEE 1687 standard (iJTAG) is utilized for the dependability communications and the on-chip access of the instruments.
The IEEE 1687 (iJTAG) standard introduces an efficient access network based on reconfigurable scan, for accessing the increasing number of embedded instruments. Pattern retargeting is defined as the process of translating an instrument pattern to several network-level scan vectors. In this paper, an efficient structured methodology is presented for performing dynamic pattern retargeting. Dynamic retargeting...
Modern systems-on-chips rely on embedded instruments for testing and debugging, the same instruments could be used for managing the lifetime dependability of the chips. The IEEE 1687 (iJTAG) standard introduces an access network to the instruments based on reconfigurable scan paths. During lifetime, instruments could be required to initiate communication with a system-level dependability manager for...
The idea of an embedded instrument (EI) is to embed some form of test and measurement into silicon to characterize, debug and test chips. The concept of the EI is different from build-in self test (BIST) and other kinds of monitors by the fact that embedded instruments can provide the user with rich and detailed information with respect to the performances of the target, not just a true/false indication...
Traditional reliability tests use complicated equipment, like probe stations and semiconductor parameter analyzers, to measure changes in transistors' threshold voltages, which are both expensive and time consuming. This paper provides an idea to test the threshold voltage with existing low-to-moderate accuracy ADCs and DACs inside SoCs. To avoid the low-accuracy limitation of measurement results,...
A major threat in extremely dependable high-end process node integrated systems in e.g. Avionics are no failures found (NFF). One category of NFFs is the intermittent resistive fault, often originating from bad (e.g. Via or TSV-based) interconnections. This paper will show the impact of these faults on the behavior of a digital CMOS circuit via simulation. As the occurrence rate of this kind of defects...
Embedded instruments are becoming used more often in modern SoCs for different testing and measurement purposes. IEEE 1687 (iJTAG) is a newly IEEE approved draft standard for embedded instruments access and control based on the widespread IEEE 1149.1 TAP port. In this paper the work done for enabling iJTAG control, observation and reconfiguration of complex digital embedded instruments will be discussed...
A new generation of highly dependable multi-processor Systems-on-Chip for safety-critical applications under harsh environments with zero down-time is emerging. In this paper1, the approach towards reaching this ultimate goal is explained. Crucial is this method is linking the measurement data of so-called (on-chip) health monitors during life time with the measurements of degrading key performance...
Analog and mixed-signal IPs are increasingly required to use digital fabrication technologies and are deeply embedded into system-on-chips (SoC). These developments append more requirements and challenges on analog testing methodologies. Traditional analog testing methods suffer from less accessibility and control with regard to these embedded analog circuits in SoCs. As an alternative, an embedded...
Heterogeneous SoC devices, including sensors, analogue and mixed-signal front-end circuits and the availability of massive digital processing capability, are being increasingly used in safety-critical applications like in the automotive, medical, and the security arena. Already a significant amount of attention has been paid in literature with respect to the dependability of the digital parts in heterogeneous...
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