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The third generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) cellular system offers high data rate capabilities by leveraging several techniques including link adaptation and frequency selective scheduling. These techniques rely on accurate channel quality indicator (CQI) feedback reports that are sent by the user equipment (UE) to the evolved node B, a process which results in high signalling...
Contemporary wireless communication standards, such as the long term evolution (LTE) standard, exploit several techniques, including link adaptation and frequency selective scheduling (FSS), to offer high data rate services. The efficacy of these techniques rely on the evolved Node B (eNB) having accurate channel state information through the use of a high signaling overhead process whereby channel...
This paper presents a cross-layer depth-texture target bit rate allocation estimation technique for the transmission of Multiview High Efficiency Video Coding (MV-HEVC) texture plus depth content over 3GPP LTE systems. The proposed technique is based on a statistical model which exploits the texture and depth map image characteristics to estimate the optimal depth-texture rate allocation to be used...
In this paper, we present a depth map rate control algorithm for the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Multi-View Video plus Depth (MVD) representation. The proposed algorithm is based on a bit allocation refinement technique for key frames together with a depth-map inspired R-λ model coupled with an adaptive clipping algorithm designed to exploit the depth map characteristics. This results in improved...
Higher data rates offered by Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks, better displays, and core architectures on mobile devices, provide the technology for transmission of multiview video (MVV) services. The high bandwidth required could be somewhat alleviated through high efficiency video coding, but this does not guarantee that quality of service (QoS) thresholds are met. To help with the varying network...
Depth maps are made up of sharp edges and near homogenous areas. To better represent object edges in depth videos, the three-dimensional (3D) extension of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard allows the use of additional Depth Modeling Modes (DMM) to the existing intra-prediction modes. One of these modes, Mode 3, performs distortion calculations on a set of pre-defined Wedgelet lists...
This paper presents the development of a fast Free-Viewpoint Video (FW) rendering algorithm that exploits the parallelism offered by General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs). The system generates virtual views through the use of Depth Image-Based Rendering (DIBR) algorithms, implemented using NVidia® Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). A novel reference image brightness adjustment...
Mobile network operators are faced with an ever-increasing demand for throughput, as customer numbers increase and new broadband services are deployed. On the other hand, subscribers are constantly requesting improved data rates for fast data access in addition to uninterrupted mobile connections. These demands are especially apparent in multimedia services. One such service that is gaining importance...
The characteristics of the depth map video are different from those of the texture and thus the empirical function of the Lagrange multiplier λ normally used in the rate-distortion optimization (RDO) of texture views might not be suitable for depth map coding. In this paper, we propose a technique whereby the Lagrange multiplier used to select the macroblock (MB) mode is adapted based on the discontinuity...
The Distributed Video Coding (DVC) paradigm can theoretically reach the same coding efficiencies of predictive block-based video coding schemes, like H.264/AVC. However, current DVC architectures are still far from this ideal performance. This is mainly attributed to inaccuracies in the Side Information (SI) predicted at the decoder. The work in this paper presents a coding scheme which tries to avoid...
This paper presents an adaptive texture-depth target bit rate allocation estimation technique for low latency multi-view video plus depth transmission using a multi-regression model. The proposed technique employs the prediction mode distribution of the macroblocks at the discontinuity regions of the depth map video to estimate the optimal texture-depth target bit rate allocation considering the total...
Despite theorems predicting that Distributed Video Coding can achieve the same performance as traditional predictive video coding schemes, the coding efficiency of practical architectures is still far from these bounds. This is attributed to the poor Side Information (SI) estimated at the decoder and to the inability of the channel codes to recover the source at the Slepian-Wolf (SW) limits. This...
The Distributed Video Coding (DVC) paradigm offers lightweight encoding capabilities which are suitable for devices with limited computational resources. Moreover, DVC techniques can theoretically achieve the same coding efficiency as the traditional video coding schemes which employ more complex encoders. However, the performance of practical DVC architectures is still far from such theoretical bounds,...
Bandwidth-limited channels demand the transmission of the per-pixel depth maps with the texture data to provide immersive 3D video services that allow arbitrary 3D viewpoint reconstruction. This auxiliary depth data offers geometric information, which together with the multi-view and epipolar geometries, can be exploited during 3D video coding to calculate geometric positions for the search areas...
In this paper, we present a very efficient hardware configuration for the Integer Lifting Transform (ILT), implemented as part of an object-based video compression system on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This configuration requires very low resources and memory, yet it is still capable of working in a real-time manner, and can handle large video frame resolutions. The compression quality...
The Distributed Video Coding (DVC) paradigm is suitable for devices which have limited encoding capabilities. However, it is characterized by excessive decoding delays which compromise their application for time constrained services. This limitation can be mitigated by adopting parallel DVC architectures. Yet, the traditional Gray-code or binary-code representations have a non-uniform distribution...
The proliferation of wireless systems has urged the aviation industry to consider the exploitation of such a technology to introduce new services and to curtail its cabling weight requirements. Nevertheless, prior to implementing such communication systems, manufactures must ensure that the paramount criterion of aircraft safety is unaffected and thus the potential electromagnetic (EM) field posed...
One of the challenges when predicting human behavior is the variation of the same behavior in relation to the culture of the individual in question. This paper demonstrates a technique that can be employed in order to predict certain individual cultural attributes based on a regression model that considers age, gender and nationality. The technique makes use of the data set collected through the World...
The feasible implementation of immersive 3D video systems entails the need for a substantial reduction in the amount of image information necessary for representation. Multiview image rendering algorithms based on depth data have radically reduced the number of images required to reconstruct a 3D scene. Nonetheless, the compression of depth maps still poses several challenges due to the particular...
This paper presents a novel view-level target bit rate distribution estimation technique for real-time Multi-view video plus depth using a statistical model that is based on the prediction mode distribution. Experiments using various standard test sequences show the efficacy of the technique, as the model manages to estimate online the view-level target bit rate distribution with an absolute mean...
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