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The scaling limit and optical clock frequency limit of silicon nano-wire waveguides are investigated, and a comparison between optical waveguides and electric wiring is made. The evaluation method involves investigating a confinement factor and dispersion. The confinement factor is a major factor in the scaling limit. In the terahertz region of clock frequency, dispersion becomes another major factor...
The author considers that applying a Stroop effect to the extracting method of the event related potential (ERP) by presenting the characters as a visual stimulus contributes to the development of the reactive brain machine interface. In order to investigate the influence of the Stroop effect on the brain wave, one of the two Chinese characters "red" and "blue" is turned into red...
The author considers that applying a Stroop effect to the extracting method of the event related potential (ERP) by presenting the characters as a visual stimulus contributes to the development of the reactive brain machine interface. In order to investigate the influence of the Stroop effect on the brain wave, one of the two Chinese characters "red" and "blue" is turned into red...
An eight-channel FDM system using Mach- Zehnder filters is equalized in order to be band-limited in cosine roll-off characteristics for no inter-symbol interference as an example of a multi-channel FDM system. The linearly equalization method is applied and the channel compensation is split equally between the transmitter and receiver filters. The equalizers consist of adaptively designed finite impulse...
A four-channel FDM system using Mach-Zehnder filters is equalized by the transversal filters to realize cosine roll-off band-limiting characteristics for no inter-symbol interference. The channel compensation is split equally between the transmitter and receiver filters. The equalization filters consist of adaptively designed finite impulse response filters. The tap coefficients are determined in...
The present paper describes the feasibility of the FDM system using Mach-Zehnder filters for a power control system in a smart grid. The interconnection of large quantities of the distributed power sources, such as PV power sources, to the current bulk power grids is anticipated, and as a result, fluctuations of voltage and frequency will increase and make the adjustment of the power demand-supply...
This paper describes the effect of higher-order PSDs at a squarer output on the jitter variance at a timing circuit output. The timing circuit consists of a squarer, a pre-filter, and a PLL arranged in tandem. The transmission schemes are assumed to be PAM, ASK and QAM. Additive white Gaussian noise exists at the receive filter input. The band-limiting scheme is assumed to be of a cosine roll-off...
A plain representation of the amplitude transfer function using a Mach-Zehnder filter model is proposed by applying the analysis technique for a transmission type periodic branching microwave filter. A four-channel frequency division multiplexing system configuration using the Mach-Zehnder filter models is presented as an example of a multi-channel FDM system. The amplitude transfer functions for...
The jitter variance in a digital transmission system has three components: SS, SN, and NN. The timing circuit is assumed to consist of a square-law device, a pre-filter, a PLL, and a ZCD. When the pre-filter is assumed to be a second-order Butterworth BPF, the SS component of jitter variance, which is often referred to as self-noise, decreases by more than 10 dB with a roll-off factor of 0.3 for 16QAM...
The present paper describes the dependency of jitter variance on the PLL normalized noise bandwidth, bL, applying a linearized model of a PLL. The timing circuit consists of a square-law device, a pre-filter, and a PLL arranged in tandem. The transmission systems are PAM, ASK, and QAM for a root roll-off bandlimiting scheme. An additive white Gaussian noise exists at the receive filter input The pre-filter...
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