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Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a common condition in elderly population that can be painful and can significantly affect individual’s quality of life. Diagnosis of DDD allows prompt corrective actions but it is challenging due to the absence of any symptoms at early stages. In studying disc degeneration, measurement of the range of motion (RoM) and loads acting on the spine are crucial factors...
Roller element bearing fault diagnosis is crucial in industry to maintain that the machine is in good condition so that there is no delay of work due to machine breakdown. This paper discusses the use of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm to classify bearing faults. The performance of ELM is compared with Back Propagation (BP) algorithm. It was found that the results show that the ELM has smaller...
Thermal Imaging is increasingly being used to study heat coming from the body using specialized infrared cameras that measures temperature. The aim of this study was to determine if skin temperature above the muscle was related to EMG signal of the muscle during certain functions. In this study, six subjects carried out arm movements such as wrist flexion-extension, hand close-open and forearm pronation-supination...
Impairment of motor function of the lower extremities is a common result of stroke or spinal cord injury due to the harm caused to the spinal column. Rehabilitation using a lower extremity exoskeleton for therapy purposes has been examined to improve motor function of the affected limb. PID controller is the most widely recognized types of feedback controller in control strategy. The simplicity and...
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is incorporated in Direct-Current (DC) servo motor control application due to its efficiency and ease of implementation. Nevertheless, the existing PID tuning methods are time consuming, and yet expertise and experience are required. Therefore, new approaches to tune PID controller is very important with the aim of obtaining better performances. The...
The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of different kernel of classification support vector machine classification for classifying the physical daily living activities. Thirty subjects from a database performed activities such as walking, sitting, standing, laying, walking upstairs and downstairs. Inertial sensors signals ((accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer) from the smartphone...
The flexion and extension of human muscular doesn't only support the human's motion but it also could help in term of energy harvesting. Motion of the human body is capable to generate electrical energy with the support of suitable harvesting devices. This type of energy is very useful for those do not have access to the electrical power grid for prolonged duration. Biomechanical energy harvesting...
One of the main criticism of conventional rehabilitation is its deficiency in eliciting patient involvement and engagement which leads to poor outcome. The monotonous nature of rehabilitation requires the repetition of movements. Even though these repetitions can be demotivating, they are critical to the patient's therapy. Virtual reality and games are considered to address this issue, where a virtual...
The PID controller widely used controller across many disciplines due to robustness and simplicity. However, the PID will only perform at its best if the PID gains. To improve the performance of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller, latest metaheuristic algorithms are being adapted to tune the PID controller. Therefore, a PID tuning tool is developed to tune the PID controller using variations...
In the recent years, the field of robotics been developed at a very fast pace due to the technology development. Robots been used to perform the tasks that human can and cannot do and this has mad the human life much easier. The most popular robot nowadays is the humanoid robot. Humanoid robot is a robot that been designed to have a similar feature to a human body part such as hand, leg, finger and...
Low back pain is a spinal-related problem mainly caused by degenerative disc disease. Throughout the spine, the lumbar region is the most prone to the disease since it supports the upper torso by transmitting compressive and shearing forces to the lower body during everyday activities. The study focused on the bottom-most L5-S1 segment of the lumbar. The project was conducted by measuring the range...
In medicine, thermal imaging diagnostic tool is increasingly employed thanks to its low cost, non-harmful and non-invasive nature. However, a thermogram can be quite ambiguous due to its low spatial resolution. This ambiguity can be reduced by incorporating information or data from different imaging sensors. This paper is an extension of a modified Normalized Gradient Correlation (NGC) employed in...
A hand home-based rehabilitation system which is interactive, portable and affordable, equipped with the ability in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis on muscle performance and strength is reported in this paper. The therapy system utilizes the concept of game-based therapy which aims to develop interest of patient. The hardware input module has a compact joypad input design with wireless connectivity...
In this paper, the plantar pressure distribution and the center of pressure movement were studied and gait stability of high heels versus normal heels was observed. A group of ten young female participants without any previous lower limbs injuries were asked to wear shoes of different heel heights, namely, 0cm, 2cm and 4cm and walk at a speed of 3km/hr on a treadmill. The pressure that their body...
The field of electrical engineering is now being widely used in vehicle technology. The current demand of high electrical power owing to increase in electrical vehicle and the pressure on automobile markers to reduce emission levels have brought the usage of power converters and electric drives to the frontline in automation and robotic industries. This research aims to discuss the design and control...
Ant colony optimization (ACO) technique is proposed to solve the mobile robot path planning (MRPP) problem. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of ACO in solving the MRPP problem, several maps of varying complexity used by an earlier researcher is used for evaluation. Each map consists of static obstacles in different arrangements. Besides that, each map has a grid representation with an equal...
Traditional rehabilitation suffers from aplenty downfalls; they are costly and time consuming. Robotic rehabilitation has the potential to be a better substitute. Recent evidence suggests that there is a pressing need to employ the patient muscle effort to control the assistive robot, otherwise the patient may fully depend on the robot, and this leads to slackness and deteriorated muscle functionalities...
In the construction of robot applications, controller is very important in producing good performance the robot system. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of multi fingered robot hand (MFRH) with the conventional and modern controllers where the output responses have been analyzed. A swarm algorithm known as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been used to find optimum solutions in...
Robotic rehabilitation is overtaking traditional rehabilitation, since it ensures exercises are practiced accurately with flexibility in the degree of assistance that the patients require. Nevertheless, robotics rehabilitation is automatic and can become monotonous, hence, disengage the patient. Although Serious Games are an excellent approach to engaging the patients in robotics rehabilitation with...
This paper presents harmonics improvement in a DC-DC converter based line frequency inverter for domestic lighting loads. Harmonics problem in power electronics converters is not a new phenomenon as over the decade succeeded in effecting our power output. It is also recognized to be a problem that would destabilize the reliability of power system, to overcome this problem, the design of a suitable...
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