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Software‐defined networks (SDNs) have proven to be highly flexible for vehicular ad‐hoc network (VANET) routing. This is due to packet‐level and bandwidth‐level controls available with SDNs. But SDNs have inherent security issues which include forwarding device attacks, control plane threats, communication channel vulnerability, etc. To counter these attacks, this paper initially proposes a proof‐of‐work‐based...
Energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is mainly during sensing, communication and data processing. Main objective of this work is to reduce the overall energy consumptions in the system and prolong the network lifetime as well as reduce the number of bit transmission. In our algorithm we design single bit transmission to minimize the energy consumption. To generate a node energy model...
For efficient agriculture production accurate measurement of soil nutrients are needed, including site-specific crop management, where nutrient application rates are adjusted on basis of requirements. Soil fertilityrefers to the ability of the soil to supply essential plant nutrients and soil water in adequate amounts and proportions for plant growth, fitness of seedbed, and impedance to seedling...
Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is complex wireless communication networks on which mobile nodes or vehicles are placed at different mobile position communicate with each other for exchanging information through wireless network. As the nodes are not fixed and randomly distributed, hence to establish connection, we used wireless channel. To have effective connection between nodes, ad-hoc on demand...
Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is complex wireless communication networks on which mobile nodes or vehicles are placed at different mobile position communicate with each other for exchanging information through wireless network. As the nodes are not fixed and randomly distributed, hence to establish connection, we used wireless channel. To have effective connection between nodes, ad-hoc on demand...
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