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In this paper, a population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm named Opposition-based Simulated Kalman Filter (OBSKF) is proposed as an adaptive beamforming algorithm. This algorithm is based on Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF), which is a newly introduced optimization algorithm inspired by Kalman filtering. Opposition-based learning is employed in SKF to improve the performance of SKF in adaptive...
The performance of a wireless sensor network is heavily dependent on its localization information. Without this critical information, the data collected over the sensor node is meaningless. Traditional localization techniques such as GPS are very expensive and unsuitable, especially when a system requires multiple nodes. In this project, an RSSI-based trilateration algorithm is developed to detect...
This paper presents the analysis of CPW-fed trapezoidal monopole antenna added with parasitic elements and slot. The U slot applied on trapezoidal patch to investigate the effects of slot geometrical altering to the notch and operation frequency.
This paper presents the analysis of CPW-fed trapezoidal monopole antenna added with parasitic elements and slots. From previous work, the proposed antenna altered by adding parasitic elements to enhance the operation bandwidth and achieved frequencies from 3.2GHz to 11.5GHz which covered Ultra Wide Bandwidth. This antenna is fabricated on FR4 for real measurement. Next experiment continues with slots...
The radiation pattern of an adaptive array antenna can be optimised by manipulating the amplitude and phase excitation of the array elements. In this paper, different adaptive beamforming algorithms including minimum Mean-Square Error (MSE), power minimisation and maximum Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), are compared and discussed. The algorithms are applied to a 3-faceted adaptive...
In this paper, the performance of adaptive array antennas conformed to different faceted structures, namely, 2-faceted, 3-faceted, 4-faceted and 8-faceted structures, are studied and compared with each other in the context of adaptive beamforming. Faceted array antennas are chosen because they can achieve a wider scanning range compared to planar arrays. Each of the faceted arrays consists of eight...
The implementation cost of a phased array antenna is high due to the large number of RF components required in the system. Migrating from the multiport beamforming system to a single-port beamforming system is a promising alternative. In this letter, a novel single-port beamforming algorithm using the pseudo-inverse function is proposed. The signal received at each element is estimated from the combined...
In this paper, a 3-faceted phased array antenna synthesised for low side lobe levels using a tuneable window is presented. The array consists of eight left hand circularly polarised antennas. The phase difference of the antennas on the faceted structure is first compensated for and then an amplitude tapering method is used to synthesise the array to have a low sidelobe level, (SLL). The effect of...
A compact directional patch antenna is proposed. The antenna, operating in LTE frequency band, is designed on Taconic Ceramic (εr = 10). By loading the antenna with a slotted ring, the size of the antenna is further reduced. To verify its properties the antenna is simulated using CST Microwave Studio and the return loss response of a fabricated prototype with frequency is measured. A very good match...
This paper presents an improved efficiency, miniaturized, meandered, inverted F antenna for MIMO systems. A 7.5 mm by 15.5 mm miniature antenna has been developed which gives 25% of improvement for the voltage standing wave ratio compared to the basic IFA structure. The antenna achieves a 10dB return loss over nearly 7% bandwidth at 2.45 GHz. Three antennas were placed on a 110mm × 50 mm ground-plane...
In this paper, a 3-faceted array which consists of eight left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) elements operating at 2.4 GHz, having low side-lobe level (SLL) radiation pattern for adaptive antenna implementation for mobile communication is synthesized. A set of correction phase on top of the classical amplitude tapering method, such as Binomial, Dolph-Chebychev and Taylor, is proposed to enable the...
A comparison analysis between two different types of antenna arrays in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is presented. This study was undertaken to point out any difference in the process of DOA estimation between isotropic and directional antenna array. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous work that analysed the DOA estimation between these two antenna arrays. The approach taken...
This paper presents a novel one-to-eight compact feeding network based on the Wilkinson power divider for a circular antenna array. The network consists of four 1:2 conventional Wilkinson power dividers. The outputs revolve at 45° in order to satisfy the circular geometry on an FR-4 substrate. Moreover, the network size has been optimized and miniaturized targeting compact portable devices. The feeding...
One of the issues in antenna arrays is the mutual coupling that occurs when two radiating elements are placed together. Mutual coupling can significantly degrade the performance of an antenna array. In this paper, we propose a triangular lattice configuration as a technique to reduce the mutual coupling in patch antenna arrays. A 4-element circular patch array with a triangular lattice is simulated...
This paper compares the performances of a number of uniform circular array (UCA) configurations for phased array antennas. A UCA geometry is targeted due to its symmetrical configuration which enables the phased array antenna to scan azimuthally with minimal changes in its beam width and sidelobe levels. Each UCA configuration consists of 19 isotropic elements. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is...
A smart antenna array is designed and fabricated for brain cancer detection. The smart antenna array is composed of three ultra-wideband vivaldi antennas. A brain model with 4 layers is created and simulated with the CST Microwave Studio. A radius of 5mm tumour model is placed into the white matter close to the skull. A short pulse is transmitted into the brain and the reflected signals are detected...
This work proposes a new direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm for directional antenna arrays. Most of the existing DOA algorithms are difficult to work with directional antenna arrays due to the characters of directional elements and thus proper modification is required. The proposed algorithm is based on Capon algorithm through the introduction of a new optimisation problem, which aims...
The development of charge pumps has been motivated by the power supply requirements of portable electronic devices. Charge pumps are inductorless DC-DC converters that are small size and high integration. The quality of the charge pump greatly depends on the effectiveness of switches to turn on and off at the designated clock phases. However, to date, no analysis has been carried out on the overall...
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