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Voltage regulation is an important issue for Low Voltage (LV) distribution networks. The voltage in the point of delivery to the end users should be kept within standard limits. The paper deals with a single-phase Dynamic Voltage Conditioner (DVC) able to keep the output voltage at a set value under load variations. A double loop control method, with outer voltage and inner current controller, has...
In the modern distributed generation scenario, the installation of domestic-scale energy generation systems has dramatically growth, raising a number of problems on both the prosumer and distribution sides whose solution calls for new concepts of demand-side energy management of smart grids. These new strategies require an improved smartness of the distribution networks, but also encourage customers...
The present paper deals with the topic of the integration of Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) in Medium Voltage (MV) distribution grids, managed by Distribution System Operators (DSOs), in case of significant presence of Dispersed Generation (DG), typically based on Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). A real case of installation of a Li-Ion Batteries ESS, by the Italian DSO Enel Distribuzione, in a High...
In the last years, in the new smart grid framework, the need of enabling and managing the interaction between final users and the main grid has become mandatory. The effective level of interaction depends on the real flexibility of the consumer power demand with respect to the main grid and this level can be increased in case of nano-grids (n-grids), like those of LV domestic customers, via the application...
The current attention to energy management leads to the necessity to tack new challenges for a best integration of renewable energies, mobility systems and new technologies for the energy efficiency, creating several micro grids with an active interaction with the main energy distribution networks. The integration of more energy systems seems to be the key of the future development and at present...
The present paper provides an insight on how the electric Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) can be integrated from the electrical and control point of view in household environment. The paper covers both the infrastructural and methodological aspects related to this integration, focusing on electrical and control design issues. A cost benefit analysis, in reference to some possible functions demanded...
The paper focus is on the application of Distribution Static Compensators (D-STATCOM) in Smart Micro-Grid (MG). First of all, Smart Grids concept is introduced and the main definitions on the Smart MG are given. Afterwards, an overview on D-STATCOMs is reported, pointing out their layout, components and possible functions, in presence of energy storage system or not. Finally the problem of management...
Demand side management (DSM) actions have still large possibilities in the residential sector. In the paper, a model of the residential customer's demand implemented in a load simulator using a bottom-up approach has been used to evaluate the impact of DSM actions on Italian average households' daily load shape. The results thus obtained demonstrate that the model, since providing in parametrical...
Standby energy is actually one of the largest electrical end use with the largest potential energy savings in the residential sector. In the paper, a model of the residential customer's demand using a bottom-up approach, implemented in a load simulator, has been used in order to evaluate the impact of standby end users on Italian average households' daily load shape. Finally, some more diffuse standby...
The paper reports some experimental measurement results concerning current harmonics and power consumptions associated to some single phase non-linear loads supplied in low voltage. In particular some office equipments and florescent lamps have been monitored during their typical operation phases. For the purpose a custom monitoring system has been used. The harmonic monitoring survey has permitted...
The paper presents a new proposal for the design of a sustainable urban mobility system. Starting from an overview on the worldwide existing solutions and on the future trend, an innovative idea regarding the integration of two urban mobility systems is proposed: a metro transit system in underground and an electric and hybrid vehicles transport system on surface. The integration is aimed at the reduction...
In a competitive environment the generation and transmission systems planning (GS&TS-P) becomes more complex and needs new approaches, criteria and models. Referring to the attribute named flexibility of the transmission system in respect of generation changes, and to some validated indexes for its evaluation (Uncertainty Scenario Flexibility Indexes - USFI), the author proposes the integration...
In the urban mobility of big cities and metropolitan areas, the metro-transit system plays a fundamental role and it is one of the most energy-impactive. Considering the actual general upward interest for energy saving and sustainability in city transport, with the consumptions increasing and the technological evolution, new studies and projects on metro-transit lines are in progress. The aim is achieving...
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