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A 7‐week growth trial was conducted to assess the potential of using soybean protein isolate (SPI) to replace poultry by‐product meal (PBM) protein in low fishmeal (FM) diets for juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Seven isoproteic (490 g kg−1) and isolipidic (90 g kg−1) experimental diets were formulated, including six low FM diets and a high FM diet...
A six‐week growth trial was conducted to evaluate the optimum threonine (Thr) requirement in diets of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Six isoenergetic, isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 5.4, 7.5, 10.3, 11.5, 13.7 and 15.2 g/kg dry matter dietary Thr levels. Results showed that and fish fed 5.4 g/kg dietary Thr had the lowest...
An adaptive multivariable fast higher order sliding mode control (HOSMC) scheme for a class of uncertain MIMO nonlinear systems is proposed. Fast HOSMC is based on a switched finite-time control law for a chain of integrators, and fast convergence rate can be guaranteed even under large initial state errors condition. The additive uncertainty of the systems has a functional bound affine in the state...
Adaptive non-homogeneous higher order sliding mode control (HOSMC) scheme without switching gain over-estimation is proposed. Given a large initial tracking error, the proposed HOSMC algorithm provide fast convergence rate by using non-homogeneous finite time stabilization. In addition, the adaptive control method is employed to identify bounded uncertainties. To solve the overestimation problem,...
An adaptive non-homogeneous higher order sliding mode control (HOSMC) method for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed in this paper. The HOSMC problem can be viewed as the finite time stabilization of a higher order input-output dynamic system with bounded uncertainties. Given a large initial tracking error, the proposed HOSMC algorithm provide fast convergence rate by using non-homogeneous...
The missile confrontment technology was taken as the background. The mid-course evasive maneuver guidance strategy was studied based on the differential game theory. The ballistic missile used differential game guidance law as the evasive strategy, while the terminal guidance of Exo-atmospheric Kinetic Vehicle (EKV) was the proportional guidance law. Firstly, taking the miss-distance and the energy...
A novel methodology for designing nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller (TSMC) for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is introduced. The system states can be guaranteed to reach a integral terminal sliding surface in finite time and then converge to the origin in finite time, while the singularity problem is eliminated. Compared with many existing works on nonsingular TSMC, the proposed...
To evaluate normobaric hypoxia-induced brain damage and discuss the mechanism in wistar rat brain injury, the water content of brain , brain infarction area ratio , the level of lactic acid and Na+-K+-ATPase activity were detected. The expression of HIF-lalpha was confirmed using immunohistochemistry. Histopathological changes of brain in rat model due to hypoxia were investigated using hematoxylin...
To study the time course of oxidative damage and the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced brain damage, some stress responses to hypoxia in rat brain, such as lactic acid(LA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) expression, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na+-K+-ATPase activity etc, were analysed. The role of those factors in oxidative stress was discussed too. Results showed that the...
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