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During the last years, the convergence of classical automation and modern information technology within cyber–physical production systems is an ongoing process. With this development, service-oriented architectures and technologies of Fog/edge and Cloud computing are now moving into the next generations of production systems. However, these innovations also create new challenges in terms of complexity...
The use of image processing is being accelerated over the past years in areas, including artificial intelligence, medical field, remote sensing and microscopic imaging. For 3D reconstruction of the objects, deflectometry is used to collect topographic information of surfaces. Due to computationally intensive nature of the algorithm, the execution time is one of the challenges faced by the deflectometry...
Image processing has gained its popularity over the recent years in areas, such as computer vision, artificial intelligence and automation. Deflectometry image processing technique is developed to inspect defects on reflecting surfaces. FPGA offers flexibility by employing reconfigurability, and furthermore, provides parallelization and pipelining to improve latency and execution time. The performance...
Magnetostrictive position sensors (MS sensors) are based on a Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurement of an ultrasonic signal in a waveguide. These sensors can be used for absolute long-range as well as for high-precision linear position measurement. In the state-of-the-art, only the position or physically related parameters like velocity or acceleration are determined. In this paper, a method for temperature...
The increase of the phase number of an electric drive is an efficient possibility to enhance its fault tolerance. But not every type of machine is equally suitable for this step. In this work, a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with double-layer concentrated windings and modular phase arrangement is proposed for a fault tolerant drive. The coils of the PMSM are interconnected as four three-phase...
This paper proposes a handling strategy for dynamic resource events in Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). Because of the increasing complexity and the dynamic run-time behavior, future automation systems become more and more fragile. New methods are needed to deal with such a dynamic behavior, exploiting existing degrees of freedom. Currently, existing methods are limited to single resource...
The development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) towards automated driving comes along with an increased density of on-board sensor systems and more traffic participants using those systems. As a result, a highly increased amount of interference sources have to be expected on the future roads, while state-of-the-art frequency modulated continous wave (FMCW) radar systems are prone to interferences...
A major aspect of Cyber-physical production systems is to increase adaptability regarding the physical structure of manufacturing components as well as of the applied software systems. This is motivated by the increasing engineering efforts of manufacturing systems due to changing requirements, varying product variants and also malfunctions. In context of the method plug and produce physical adaptability,...
In our previous works, we have presented methods for optimizing wavelet filter banks, which can be used for classification of image objects. The wavelet filter banks were designed to be biorthogonal, which enables a multiscale analysis on given image data. Moreover, the filters were optimized with respect to the shape, which helps the filter banks to inherit the property of the objects. This optimization...
This paper proposes an application-independent, SOA-based approach for the dynamic management of IT-resources in distributed cyber-physical systems. According to the networks' openness, the ad-hoc formation and the cross-domain character of future automation systems, design-time and runtime are blurring. Existing methods are limited to one type of resource and are highly specialized to one certain...
Due to changing requirements and increasing engineering efforts of manufacturing systems, methods such as plug and produce gain in importance. The ability to adapt to varying product variants and new manufacturing modules can be achieved through cyber-physical production systems. In this context orchestration, the process of selecting suitable manufacturing modules, is a major aspect. Current approaches...
When testing embedded software in real world operation, remaining failures which have not been detected during unit or system testing can often be observed. The execution of these failures is traced during operation tests of the integrated embedded system to replay it for offline debugging in the laboratory. It is time-consuming to detect the root-causes of noncrashing failures in the replay manually...
This paper shows a control strategy to improve energy consumption using a double three-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Focus is to significantly reduce the DC link power dissipation of the DC bus capacitor to exceed lifetime. In particular, shifted control technique is developed and implemented on a drive unit used in automotive industry to control the multi-phase fault-tolerant system....
Safety-critical applications like Electronic Power Steering (EPS) systems demand highest reliability of electrical drives in automotive applications. Based on safety standards and associated requirements, the availability can be raised significantly through redundant system structures. In case of critical faults complete loss of steering assistance can be prevented by using different control methods...
In automotive industry space is extremely limited. The efficient and fast control of electric motors is a key technology to save energy and space. This paper shows strategies to improve energy consumption of a redundant Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and an associated double three-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). Focus is to significantly reduce the DC link power dissipation of the...
In this paper a new software architecture is introduced which combines and adapts effective design patterns for the development of cloud-based algorithms in cyber-physical control systems (CPCS). The integration of cloud computing and cyber-physical systems (CPS) allows the flexible use of IT-Services and offers nearly infinite amount of storage space and computing capacities for embedded systems...
Stereo correspondence and the generation of the disparity map, which encodes the depth of objects, is one of the most challenging and important tasks for camera based environment perception systems. Thus, it is indispensable for autonomous driving vehicles and transportation devices to detect other cars or for the classification of obstacles. To enable this, relatively large real world images must...
This paper presents a model-based approach to generate configurable software architectures of so called Cloud-based Cyber-Physical Systems (CCPS). Cloud computing makes dynamically scalable computing power and data storage available. These advantages are included in the design of Cloud-based Cyber-Physical Systems. The designed platform architecture is evaluated by two scenarios of automation engineering...
The separable wavelet transform has limited directional sensitivity and is suboptimal for compression of textured images. A finer directional resolution and better coding results can be achieved by contourlet transform. So far, directional filters based on design criteria that are unspecific to image compression were used for contourlet transform. We propose directional filters that are optimized...
We present a two stage approach for the task of calculating the stereo correspondence by processing a stereo image pair. In the first stage, coarse disparities for line segments are found using a modified Generalized Hough transform approach and absolute differences. In the second stage, the coarse disparities and its neighbors are evaluated and refined with a local window based Census transform....
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